Primary Mode of Action of <i>Cistus ladaniferus</i> L. Essential Oil Active Fractions on <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strain

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the primary mode of action of Cistus ladaniferus essential oil active fractions on Staphylococcus aureus strain ATCC6538P (CIP 53.156). The mode of inhibition of the active fractions was assessed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The effects of time on cell integrity were determined by time-kill, bacteriolysis and loss of 260 and 280-nm-absorbing material assays. Measurement of intra-and extracellular ATP was used to evaluate the energy remaining in the cells after treatment. A bacteriostatic and a bactericidal mode of inhibition were established respectively for acetate and alcohol fractions at their MIC. No intracellular material leakage and no lysis occurred after treatments with these fractions. In both cases, we observed a decrease of the ATP level within S. aureus cells whilst there was no proportional increase outside the cells. However, the effects induced by alcohols are more pronounced than those provoked by acetates. Indeed, marked structural changes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The septal material of cells undergoing division became thicker and stained more lightly. The proportion of septa is also markedly increased and defective with respect to placement. These observations suggest a blocking in cell division, probably caused by the inhibition of ATPase or a disturbance in proton motrice force by the hydrophobic molecules viridiflorol and ledol, mainly present in alcohol fraction.

Anti-Quorum Sensing Activity of 12 Essential Oils on chromobacterium violaceum and Specific Action of cis-cis-p-Menthenolide from Corsican Mentha suaveolens ssp. Insularis

“…The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-QS properties of 12 EOs on C. violaceum , which are known to exert several antibacterial activities [ 24 , 25 ]. To achieve this goal, we investigated one of the major molecules putatively responsible for the anti-QS activity, finding cis-cis-p- menthenolide was the most effective.…”

Mode of action of Lippia graveolens essential oil on Salmonellaenterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium

“…Also, this depletion of the ATP pool following the addition of lipophilic components was observed in other studies. The alcohol fraction extracts of Cistus ladaniferus essential oil have the capacity to vanish the ATPin on Staphylococcus aureus cells, without growing the ATP out (Guinoiseau et al, 2015). More, components like carvacrol, eugenol and cinnamaldehyde inhibit the ATPase activity of Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes (Gill & Holley, 2006).…”

“…The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays were performed by a rapid INT (piodonitroterazolium chloride, Sigma-Aldrich) colorimetric assay (Guinoiseau et al, 2015). The L. graveolens oil was serially twofold diluted in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO, Sigma-Aldrich).…”

“…Essential oils stand out among natural products of plant origin for their versatility in biological properties. Antibacterial activity as broad-spectrum substances against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including activity on antibiotic-resistant strains, is one of their main advantages (Guinoiseau et al, 2015;Leyva-López, Gutiérrez-Grijalva, Vazquez-Olivo, & Heredia, 2017).…”

A Review on Cistus sp.: Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activities

“…Following experimental research for antistaphylococcal activity, Guinoiseau [143] demonstrated the potential of C. ladaniferus EO and its efficacy against tested strain, ranging from 0.012 mg/mL for acetate fraction to 0.8 mg/mL for EO in coordination with the inhibition zones. These concentrations were much efficient than those reported with C. creticus EO [142].…”