Primary mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the prostate: Tumor relapse 7 years after local therapy

Abstract

Primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the prostate is rare, and only five cases have been reported. Reported herein is a new case that has involved a 9 year follow up. A 79-year-old man was treated with transurethral resection (TUR) for a mass of the right prostatic lobe, and followed up under a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia with atypical lymphoid infiltration. Seven years later TUR was again performed for a right lobe mass. The lesion was diagnosed as a relapsed MALT lymphoma after detailed histological and immunoglobulin heavy chain gene analyses of the initial and relapsed lesions. Interestingly, lymphoepithelial lesions were observed only infrequently in this tumor. The API2-MALT1 fusion, a gene alteration specific to MALT lymphoma, was absent. The patient had stage IA disease at the time of tumor relapse, and has been alive and well for the 2 years after the second TUR. The present case suggests that despite tumor recurrence, prostatic MALT lymphoma is indolent, and function-preserving therapy is warranted.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and concurrent adenocarcinoma of the prostate

“…Rare lymphoepithelial lesions were seen in the specimen (Figure 3). This may be characteristic for MALT of the prostate as this was also noted by Li et al 19 The pattern of this lymphoid infiltrate was highly suggestive of a malignant lymphoma. The differential diagnosis for further classification included follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, small lymph ocytic lymphoma (SLL), and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of a MALT type.…”

“…10,13,15–17 In one case of recurrence, a man who had been treated for benign prostatic hyperplasia with atypical lymphoid infiltration presented seven years later with a diagnosis of relapsed MALT lymphoma after a newer, more detailed analysis had been conducted on the initial and relapsed lesions. 19 The disease had not been aggressive, as the patient presented with stage IA disease at the time of relapse and remained disease-free for two years after the second transurethral resection.…”

Primary lymphoma of the prostate treated with rituximab-based chemotherapy: a case report and review of the literature

“…The DLBCL is the most common type of primary lymphomas of the prostate, but primary prostatic small lymphocytic lymphoma, follicular lymphomas, Burkit lymphomas, MALT lymphomas, and mantle cell lymphomas have also been reported [2,3,5,9]. …”

F-18 FDG PET/CT evaluation of radiotherapy response in rare case of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

“…Primary prostatic lymphoma is reported as 0.1% of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and 0.09% of prostatic neoplasm [10]. Among the types of nonHodgkin's lymphoma in the prostate, MALT lymphoma is extremely rare, with few reports [11][12][13]. The pathogenesis of MALT lymphoma in the prostate is suspected to be related to chronic inflammation.…”