Primary neuroendocrine breast cancer, how much do we know so far?

Alkaied, Homam; Harris, Kassem; Azab, Basem; Dai, Qun

doi:10.1007/s12032-012-0222-z

Cited by 39 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The definite feature that makes the diagnosis of primary is intraductal component of NET, as metastatic NET has no intraductal component [3,4]. Based on this finding, we advise screening of other sites using different imaging modalities once the diagnosis of metastatic NET is suspected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Primary breast NET comprise <2% of all primary breast cancers (Table 1) [1,[4][5][6]. In 2003, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified primary NET of the breast as tumors with expression of one or more immunohistochemical markers (neuron specific enolase, chromogranin A, and synaptophysin) in at least 50% of the tumor cells [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chromogranin A (CGA), chromogranin B (CGB), and synaptophysin (SYP) are considered the most sensitive and specific NET markers but they are relatively nonspecific when it comes to differentiating between primary versus metastatic NET to the breast [4,6]. For breast tumor markers, more than 90% of diagnosed primary NET cases can express estrogen receptors (ER) while up to 75-80% express progesterone receptors (PR) [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there have been cases of bronchopulmonary NET which have been reported to be positive for ER/PR and metastasized to the breast. In one report of pulmonary NET, 40% of specimens expressed ER, and 70% expressed PR [1,2,4,9]. Moreover, when these tumor markers are found to be negative, one has to assume that the tumor could be a metastasis from the bowel, lung or a primary of the breast.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroendocrine tumor of the breast: Is it primary or metastatic?

Dervishaj¹,

Renzi²,

Genato³

et al. 2016

IJCRI

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International Journal of Case Reports and Images (IJCRI) is an international, peer reviewed, monthly, open access, online journal, publishing high-quality, articles in all areas of basic medical sciences and clinical specialties.Aim of IJCRI is to encourage the publication of new information by providing a platform for reporting of unique, unusual and rare cases which enhance understanding of disease process, its diagnosis, management and clinico-pathologic correlations.IJCRI publishes Review Articles, Case Series, Case Reports, Case in Images, Clinical Images and Letters to Editor. Website: www.ijcasereportsandimages.comNeuroendocrine tumor of the breast:Is it primary or metastatic?Ornela A. Dervishaj, Alexandra S. Renzi, Romulo Genato, Philip Q. Xiao, Armand P. Asarian ABSTRACT Introduction: Neuroendocrine breast carcinoma is a rare form of tumor that may be either primary or metastatic. Case Report: We present the case of a patient who was referred to our outpatient office with the diagnosis of a triple negative invasive breast carcinoma on an ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy. The patient subsequently underwent a lumpectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy. Postoperative pathology revealed neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast with sentinel lymph node biopsy negative for carcinoma. The tumor cells were positive for AE1/AE3, chromogranin, synaptophysin and CD-56 but negative for estrogen, progesterone and HER2. To exclude a primary carcinoma elsewhere, we obtained a whole body PET scan which showed a mildly hypermetabolic mesenteric mass in the midline with curvilinear calcification. Computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis with oral and IV contrast showed a mass-like soft tissue within the terminal ileum with thickening of the cecum. An octreotide scan of the whole body revealed abnormal activity in the midline of the lower abdomen 6 hours and 24 hours after administration of octreotide. Colonoscopy showed a nodular friable mass in the ileocecal valve extending from the terminal ileum. Biopsy from the colonoscopy demonstrated a neuroendocrine carcinoma. The patient subsequently underwent a right hemicolectomy with primary anastomosis. Postoperative pathology was concordant with a neuroendocrine carcinoma and 9 of the 20 lymph nodes were positive for carcinoma. We performed a literature review to explore the reported incidence, diagnosis and treatment of this rare tumor metastasizing to the breast. Conclusion: Differentiating between primary and metastatic tumor of the breast represents a challenge, albeit an important one, as the first disease can subject the patient to the morbidities of a mastectomy with axillary node dissection and the other is locally controlled.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroendocrine tumor of the breast: Is it primary or metastatic?

Dervishaj¹,

Renzi²,

Genato³

et al. 2016

IJCRI

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“…Sapino et al [7] commented that benign neoplastic neuroendocrine lesions of the breast have not been described, and that all neuroendocrine lesions in the breast are considered to be carcinomas. In 2012, Alkaied et al [8] presented a detailed review of all previous literature about primary NEC. No neuroendocrine cells have been detected in normal human mammary cells studied by immunohistochemistry or electron microscopy [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Large-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast Occurring in a Pre-Menopausal Woman

2015

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Neuroendocrine breast carcinoma: a rare but challenging entity

Trevisi

Salvia²,

Lilleri

et al. 2020

Med Oncol

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Breast carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation, also known as neuroendocrine breast carcinoma (NEBC), includes a heterogeneous group of rare tumors, which account for 2–5% of all invasive breast carcinomas. Because of their low incidence, most of the current limited knowledge of these tumors derives from anecdotal case reports or small retrospective series. The diagnosis of NEBC is based on the presence of morphological features similar to gastrointestinal and lung NETs and neuroendocrine markers. NEBCs are usually hormone receptors positive and HER2 negative, but despite this luminal phenotype, most recent studies suggested that NEBC could be associated with worse prognosis compared to invasive breast cancer without neuroendocrine differentiation. Due to its rarity and lack of randomized data, there is little evidence to guide the choice of treatment, so NEBC is currently treated as any invasive breast carcinoma not-otherwise specified. Recently, attempts to molecularly characterize NEBC have been made, in order to provide new targets for a more personalized treatment of this uncommon entity.

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Primary neuroendocrine breast cancer, how much do we know so far?

Cited by 39 publications

References 39 publications

Neuroendocrine tumor of the breast: Is it primary or metastatic?

Neuroendocrine tumor of the breast: Is it primary or metastatic?

Primary Large-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast Occurring in a Pre-Menopausal Woman

Neuroendocrine breast carcinoma: a rare but challenging entity

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