Primary particle stability in bulk polymerization of vinyl chloride at high ion strength

Törnell, Bertil; Uustalu, Jaan

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(86)90334-4

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Formation of primary particles has been studied by many investigators (16, [59][60][61][62][63][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77]. From turbidimetric measurements, Boissel, et al (63), suggested that polymer precipitates from the monomer phase at conversions a s low as 0.001 %.…”

Section: Physical Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Suspension, bulk, and emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride—mechanism, kinetics, and reactor modelling

Xie

Hamielec

Wood

et al. 1991

J. Vinyl Addit. Technol.

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A review of relevant microscopic processes, both chemical and physical, which occur during suspension, bulk and emulsion polymerization (both before and after pressure drop) is given. The state of the art of kinetic modelling of monomer consumption rate, reactor pressure, molecular weight and short and long chain branching development and polymer chain microstructure is illustrated. The effects of diffusion-controlled termination and propagation reactions and the significant decrease in initiator efficiency and decomposition rate constant at high monomer conversions on the relative rates of various chemical reactions are discussed. The application of temperature programming and semibatch operation are emphasized. Finally, attempts to model polymer particle morphology are described.

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Section: Physical Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the electrostatic stabilization (stability of primary particles) is affected by reaction temperature (6 1, 65,84). agitation level (62,63,71,87,96,101,102) and additive type and level (67,74,75,(78)(79)(80).…”

Section: -1 0 -5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspension, bulk, and emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride—mechanism, kinetics, and reactor modelling

Xie

Hamielec

Wood

et al. 1991

J. Vinyl Addit. Technol.

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“…These particles have an initial size of about 0.1 ~rn [1], and they are stabilized by electrostatic forces during a certain growth period after their formation [2,3]. The size and number of particles formed are closely connected with the particle stability [4,5]. A better knowledge of the stability of the primary particles would be of practical significance, as it might suggest means to control PVC resin morphology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloidal stability of PVC primary particles in vinyl chloride

Törnell

Uustalu

Jönsson

1986

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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Abstract:The electrostatic contribution to the colloidal stability of PVC primary particles (R = 0.15 ~) dispersed in vinyl chloride, was calculated using models based on the Coulombic interactions and the DLVO theory. The calculations were based on: a) the particle charge as obtained from literature data on the electrophoretic mobility of PVC primary particles in VCM and b) on estimates of the Debye length as obtained from measurements of the electrical conductivity of VCM and of solutions of Bu4NBF 4 in VCM.The calculations showed that particle stability would decrease with particle size (experimentally-observed behaviour), only if the particle charge increased with size at a lower rate than in proportion to particle radius.The calculations also suggest that particle growth may be governed by a competitive growth mechanism of electrostatic origin. Particle growth is assumed to occur by absorption of many small, weakly charged basic particles from the monomer phase. According to the calculations, the electrostatic interaction between primary and basic particles may be such that the growth of the smaller primary particles is favoured over that of the larger ones.

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“…Furthermore, T-86.5% had a higher CPA than H-83.0% with smaller primary particles and a lower fusion degree. 30 Under the condition of similar PSD, it further reduced the plasticizing time. Therefore, the PVC resins obtained by variable speed operation, which have a narrow PSD and relatively small grains and primary particles, show a better processing property.…”

Section: Effect Of Variable Speed On Pvc Grainsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Agitating transformation during vinyl chloride suspension polymerization: aggregation morphology and PVC properties

Guo

Liu

et al. 2017

RSC Adv.

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Primary particle stability in bulk polymerization of vinyl chloride at high ion strength

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

Suspension, bulk, and emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride—mechanism, kinetics, and reactor modelling

Suspension, bulk, and emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride—mechanism, kinetics, and reactor modelling

Colloidal stability of PVC primary particles in vinyl chloride

Agitating transformation during vinyl chloride suspension polymerization: aggregation morphology and PVC properties

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