Primary plasma cell leukemia and autologous stem cell transplantation

Drake, Mary; Iacobelli, Simona; Biezen, Anja van; Morris, Curly; Apperley, Jane F.; Niederwieser, Dietger; Björkstrand, Bo; Gahrton, Gösta

doi:10.3324/haematol.2009.013334

Cited by 90 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…5,6,10,49 Furthermore, hypercalcemia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated plasma cell labeling index, increased LDH, and GEP-defined high-risk disease are more frequent at presentation in pPCL compared with MM. 5,6,8,10,50,51,53,55 Consistent with higher tumor burden and an increased incidence of renal impairment, significantly elevated ␤ 2 -microglobulin levels in pPCL are seen compared with MM. 5,6,10,50,55 pPCL versus secondary PCL Secondary PCL is typically the terminal stage of preexistent MM, and this in part explains the higher prevalence of advanced bone disease compared with pPCL.…”

Section: Immune Evasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5,7,48,49 However, their performance status at diagnosis is usually worse, 6 which may be related to the more advanced stage of disease (Durie-Salmon stage III: ϳ 80%-96%; International Staging System stage III: ϳ 63%-80%). 4,6,[50][51][52][53][54] Extramedullary involvement, such as hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, leptomeningeal infiltration, or extramedullary plasmacytomas, is more frequent in pPCL, 1,[5][6][7][8][9][10]49,51,[53][54][55] with extensive bone disease being more common in patients with MM. 5,6,53 Various laboratory characteristics reflect a high tumor load.…”

Section: Immune Evasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How I treat plasma cell leukemia

Donk

Lokhorst

Anderson

et al. 2012

Blood

121

106

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Section: Immune Evasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immune Evasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How I treat plasma cell leukemia

Donk

Lokhorst

Anderson

et al. 2012

Blood

121

106

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“…Patients with plasma cell leukemia were analyzed in a concurrent analysis. 11 Cases with solitary plasmacytoma and amyloidosis were also excluded. All patients were reported to the EBMT registry using MED-A (limited data set) or MED-B (more extensive data set) forms.…”

Section: Design and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and outcome of autologous transplantation in rare myelomas

Morris¹,

Drake²,

Apperley³

et al. 2010

Haematologica

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BackgroundAs rare myelomas, i.e. the IgD, IgE, IgM and non-secretory forms, constitute only a small proportion of any study, relatively little is known about their prognosis in the era of peripheral stem cell transplantation. Design and MethodsWe used the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Myeloma Database to compare the outcome following autologous transplantation of over 20,000 patients with common myelomas (IgG, IgA and light chain myeloma) with the outcome of patients with rare myelomas: 379 IgD, 13 IgE, 72 IgM and 976 non-secretory cases. ResultsThe study confirms the multiple adverse prognostic factors seen in IgD myeloma. Somewhat surprisingly, patients with IgD and non-secretory myeloma both had higher complete remission rates before and after transplantation than patients with common myelomas. However, while the overall survival of patients with non-secretory myeloma was similar to that of the patients with common myelomas, the survival of patients with IgD myeloma was significantly worse (although better than survival rates reported for non-transplanted patients); this was due to higher transplant-related mortality and relapse/progression rates. The post-transplantation survival of patients with IgE or IgM myeloma appears to be very poor. ConclusionsThis study provides data on the biological features of rare myelomas. The overall survival of patients with IgD, IgE or IgM myeloma is poor following autologous transplantation but substantially better than that reported for patients who were not transplanted. Key words: rare myelomas, autologous transplantation, outcome, efficacy. . Haematologica 2010;95(12):2126-2133. doi:10.3324/haematol.2010 This is an open-access paper. © F e r r a t a S t o r t i F o u n d a t i o n Citation: Morris C, Drake M, Apperley J, Iacobelli S, van Biezen A, Bjorkstrand B, Goldschmidt H, Harousseau J-L, Morgan G, de Witte T, Niederwieser D, and Gahrton G for the Myeloma Subcommittee of the Chronic Leukaemia Working Party of the EBMT. Efficacy and outcome of autologous transplantation in rare myelomas Efficacy and outcome of autologous transplantation in rare myelomas

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“…PCL is characterized by the presence of malignant plasma cells in the peripheral blood (more than 20% of white blood cells and/or an absolute number of greater than 2×10 9 /L) and has a poor outcome following both conventional therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (2,3). Nonsecretory myeloma is also a rare form of MM characterized by the absence of monoclonal immunoglobulins on either serum or urine electrophoresis and represents less than 1% of cases of MM (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Cases of Nonsecretory Multiple Myeloma Presenting as Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia

et al. 2014

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Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare variant of multiple myeloma (MM) with a poor prognosis. Nonsecretory myeloma is also a rare form of MM characterized by the absence of detectable M-protein in the serum and urine. This report describes two cases of nonsecretory PCL. The first patient was an 85-year-old man in whom the lack of monoclonal immunoglobulins made it difficult to make a diagnosis because the malignant cells showed an atypical morphology. He died of rapid disease progression before starting chemotherapy. The second patient was a 78-year-old woman whose tumor cells displayed a typical plasma cell morphology. She was successfully treated with bortezomib-containing chemotherapy.

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Primary plasma cell leukemia and autologous stem cell transplantation

Cited by 90 publications

References 27 publications

How I treat plasma cell leukemia

How I treat plasma cell leukemia

Efficacy and outcome of autologous transplantation in rare myelomas

Two Cases of Nonsecretory Multiple Myeloma Presenting as Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia

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