Primary renal angiosarcoma with extensive hemorrhage: CT and MRI findings

Abstract

Primary angiosarcomas of the kidney are very rare, but highly aggressive tumors showing poor prognosis. Patients frequently complain of flank pain, hematuria, or a palpable mass. We present a case of primary renal angiosarcoma occurring in a 61-year-old man. CT images depicted a huge exophytic mass (16 cm in diameter) in the right kidney, exhibiting extensive hemorrhage. The mass showed centripetal peripheral nodular enhancement on dynamic contrast-enhanced images. Furthermore, MR imaging revealed a tangled mesh of tumor vessels in the periphery of the mass. We suggest its inclusion in the differential diagnosis of cases of hemorrhagic renal tumors with prominent vasculature.

CT Findings of Primary Renal Angiosarcoma

“…With respect to imaging findings, the tumors have been described as an extensive hemorrhagic or necrotic mass with variable peripheral enhancement similar to our series, or a large necrotic mass [2-6, 8, 9]. However, there are very few useful imaging features, suggestive of primary renal angiosarcomas.…”

“…However, there are very few useful imaging features, suggestive of primary renal angiosarcomas. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination was not conducted in this case, Heo et al [9] reported that T2-weighted imaging demonstrated a tangled mesh of tumor vessels with signal voids in the periphery of the mass, corresponding to the areas with strong enhancement on contrast-enhanced MRI.…”

Vascular Neoplasms and Related Lesions of Kidney

“…Angiosarcoma is a malignant vascular neoplasm which may occur in any location of the body, including the skin, soft tissue, breast, bone and visceral organs including the liver. Primary renal angiosarcoma is very rare, with about 70 cases described in the literature to date [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. Most of these cases are seen in older men, with a peak incidence in the sixth to seventh decades and a pronounced male predilection (male-to-female ratio of 7:1) [49].…”

“…CT imaging demonstrates a hypodense mass with varying levels of contrast enhancement ranging from none, to heterogeneous, to intense peripheral, to diffuse enhancement [53,54,58,59]. Central areas of necrosis or hemorrhage may be detected [55].…”

Smart Assembly of Sulfide Heterojunction Photocatalysts with Well‐Defined Interfaces for Direct Z‐Scheme Water Splitting under Visible Light

“…The introduction of another semiconductor with suitable energy band potentials to form a Z‐scheme hybrid photocatalyst can overcome these barriers simultaneously . Following this mechanism, some half‐reaction photocatalysts, such as WO 3 , BiVO 4 , Fe 2 O 3 , CuInS 2 , and CoS 2 , have been merged into CdS to assemble direct Z‐scheme hybrid photocatalysts by various methods in recent years. To establish Z‐scheme heterojunctions, cation exchange has attracted considerable attention because it provides a predictable means to design high‐quality interfacial contacts with atomic precision .…”