Primary small cell carcinoma of prostate without immunoreactive neuroendocrine proteins but with expressions of KIT and platelet‐derived growth factor‐α

Abstract

Abbreviations & Acronyms CK = cytokeratin HE = hematoxylin-eosin NE = neuroendocrine NSE = neuron-specific enolase PCK = pan-cytokeratin PDGFRA = platelet-derived growth factor-α PSA = prostate-specific antigen SCC = small cell carcinoma SCLC = small cell lung carcinoma Abstract: Primary small cell carcinoma of the prostate is extremely rare. Herein reported is a case of primary small cell carcinoma of the prostate with immunohistochemical examination of KIT and platelet-derived growth factor-α. The present case is unique in that the small cell carcinoma did not express neuroendocrine antigens. A 68-year-old man was found to have high serum prostate-specific antigen, and biopsy showed malignant small tumor cells fulfilling the small cell carcinoma criteria of the World Health Organization. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for pan-cytokeratin, KIT, platelet-derived growth factor-α, p53, Ki-67 labeling = 65%, prostate-specific antigen and alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase. Tumor cells were negative for vimentin, CD56, synaptophysin, chromogranin and neuron-specific enolase. Imaging modalities showed multiple metastases, and the patient was treated by chemotherapy. The present report is the fifth with immunohistochemistry of prostatic small cell carcinoma.

Primary squamous neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin: A case report with immunohistochemical study

“…The positive S100 implies that the Langerhans cells (antigen presenting cells) are present in the carcinoma. Surprisingly, the SCC in the present case immunohistochemically showed broad neuroendocrine features, [18,19] and were positive for NSE (positive percentage (PP) = 70%), chromogranin (PP = 95%), synaptophysin (PP = 95%), and NCAM (CD56) (PP = 20%). The author hesitated in making the pathological diagnosis.…”

“…[17] NEC or NET is defined as epithelial tumors showing a broad neuroendocrine differentiation which is manifested as characteristic histological features and as immunohistochemical evidence of tumor cells for neuroendocrine tissue usually including chromogranin A, synaptophysin, CD56 (NCAM) and NSE. [18,19] SCC has never assumed features of NET, and vice versa in the literature.…”

Pure small-cell carcinoma of the prostate presenting with increasing prostate-specific antigen levels: A case report and review of the literature

“…The latter depends on the hypothesis that SCCP is part of the huge spectrum of the prostatic adenocarcinomas (7). Primary pure SCCP and metastatic carcinoma may be distinguished by the expression of TTF-1 (8). The confirmation of pure SCCP mainly relies on pathological examination.…”

“…Microscopically, SCCP cells are round or short spindle-shaped, arranged in a flaky and nest-like pattern. The carcinoma cells contain scat cytoplasm, with nuclei situated far from mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum (8). The nucleolus is blurry and mitotic figures may be observed; necrosis is also a common accompanying finding.…”