Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cecum Presenting as Spontaneous Perforation

Recinos, Luisa; Mohapatra, Sonmoon; Broder, Arkady; Saeed, Imran

doi:10.7759/cureus.10510

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These emergencies are more common with SCC of the colon due to the more aggressive nature of this tumor. Only two cases of cecal perforation in primary cecal SCC have been found in the literature review, and our case is the third [2,10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Chemotherapeutic agents mentioned in the literature included 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, or cisplatin [11]. Pure colonic SSC has a worse prognosis compared to adenocarcinoma, with an overall five-year survival rate of 30-35% after surgery and a recurrence rate of approximately 80% in a three-year period [2,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the colon is an extremely rare and intriguing diagnosis, with an incidence rate of 0.10-0.25 per 1,000 diagnosed colorectal carcinomas [1]. The etiology and pathogenesis of this entity remain unclear; however, it has been linked to inflammatory processes, infectious conditions, radiation exposure, and the development of squamous differentiation in pre-existing colonic adenomas [2]. Primary SCC of the colon often presents at advanced stages, mirroring the diagnostic complexity and urgency surrounding this condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cecum: A Case Report

Albandar,

Aljarayhi

2024

Cureus

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Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the colon is an exceptionally rare diagnosis. The etiology and pathogenesis of this entity remain unclear. It usually presents in patients as an emergency, typically with the tumor in the advanced stage. We report a case of SCC of the cecum presenting with perforation, initially diagnosed as SCC of unknown origin. The patient underwent a limited right hemicolectomy and end ileostomy outside our center. The patient was referred to us for further workup and possible adjuvant chemotherapy. She was assessed clinically and found to have had poor appetite and anorexia for a month, with an intermittent fever documented at 39 degrees. Thus, the patient was elected to get admitted for a septic workup and re-staging by CT scan and tumor biomarkers. CT showed a phlegmon and abscess formation at the right iliac fossa that was attached to surrounding structures, including the abdominal wall. Drain placement at the site of the phlegmon was attempted but failed due to bowel overlapping. Therefore, the patient was booked for surgical exploration and drainage, where all structures were resected en bloc. Histopathological examination revealed well-differentiated keratinized SCC with lymph node metastasis. The diagnosis of primary SCC of the cecum was confirmed after investigations to rule out primary sources were negative. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of management, with a possible role for chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The prognosis in these cases is usually poor. This warrants early diagnosis and management. Studies are needed to establish a management protocol for this entity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%