Primary structure of the psbN-psbH-petC-petA gene cluster of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803

Mayes, Steve R.; Barber, James

doi:10.1007/bf00039508

Cited by 56 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Finally, substantial up-regulation of genes involved in ATP synthesis and the cytochrome b 6 /f complex was observed (35,39,42). This result is consistent with the general theme of the increased expression of other photosynthetic genes.…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

Genome-Wide Dynamic Transcriptional Profiling of the Light-to-Dark Transition inSynechocystissp. Strain PCC 6803

et al. 2002

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supporting

confidence: 84%

Genome-Wide Dynamic Transcriptional Profiling of the Light-to-Dark Transition inSynechocystissp. Strain PCC 6803

et al. 2002

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“…One example of this is the conserved arrangement of psb6, ORF 31, psbN, and psbH that is present in the chloroplast genomes of land plants, P purpurea, and C. paradoxa (v. L. Stirewalt and D. A. Bryant, unpublished results). In cyanobacteria, psbB is separated from psbH and psbN (Vermaas et al, 1987;Lang and Haselkorn, 1989;Mayes and Barber, 1991), suggesting that this operon was formed during the evolution of the ancestral chloroplast.…”

Section: Gene Clusteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Resolution Gene Map of the Chloroplast Genome of the Red Alga Porphyra purpurea.

1993

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Extensive DNA sequencing of the chloroplast genome of the red alga Porphyra purpurea has resulted in the detection of more than 125 genes. Fifty-eight (approximately 46%) of these genes are not found on the chloroplast genomes of land plants. These include genes encoding 17 photosynthetic proteins, three tRNAs, and nine ribosomal proteins. In addition, nine genes encoding proteins related to biosynthetic functions, six genes encoding proteins involved in gene expression, and at least five genes encoding miscellaneous proteins are among those not known to be located on land plant chloroplast genomes. The increased coding capacity of the P. purpurea chloroplast genome, along with other characteristics such as the absence of introns and the consenration of ancestral operons, demonstrate the primitive nature of the f . purpurea chloroplast genome. In addition, evidence for a monophyletic origin of chloroplasts is suggested by the identification of two groups of genes that are clustered in chloroplast genomes but not in cyanobacteria. INTRODUCTIONThe complete DNA sequences of three photosynthetic land plant chloroplast genomes have revealed an enormous amount of functional and evolutionary information. The chloroplast genomes of tobacco (Shinozaki et al., 1986), rice (Hiratsuka et al., 1989), and the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha (Ohyama et al., 1986) have each been shown to contain 110 to 118 genes. The products of these genes are primarily involved in two processes: gene expresssion (59 to 60 genes) and photosynthesis (29 genes). In addition, 11 genes encoding subunits of NADPH dehydrogenase (Arizmendi et al., 1992) as well as a number of conserved open reading frames (ORFs) are contained on these genomes. The gene content of all land plant chloroplast genomes investigated is surprisingly conserved (for review, see Palmer, 1991).Alga1 chloroplast genomes, on the other hand, have not been so extensively characterized. Current information on the chloroplast genomes of chlorophyll a/b-containing algae suggest that their gene content is not too different from that of land plants, although a few genes that are absent from land plant chloroplast genomes (e.g., tufA in several species [Baldauf et al., 19901, rpl5 [Christopher and Hallick, 19891, and ccsA [Orsat et al., 19921 in Euglena gracilis) have been identified. Of greater significance, however, may be the observation of substantial genome rearrangements in green alga1 chloroplast genomes in the form of the splitting up of ancestral operons in several species of Chlamydomonas (e.g., Woessner et al., 1987) and the large number of introns, including introns within introns, To whom correspondence should be addressed. in E. gracilis (Christopher and Hallick, 1989; Copertino and Hallick, 1991). These observations are indicative of chloroplast genomes that are evolving under more relaxed constraints than land plant chloroplast genomes. lnformation about the gene content of chloroplast genomes from chromophyte (chlorophyll a/c-containing) and rhodophyte/glaucophyte (c...

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“…There are similar sequence motifs for Thr phosphorylation of the light-harvesting proteins and PSII proteins (Mullet, 1983;Michel and Bennett, 1987;Dedner et al, 1988;Michel et al, 1988), but the identity of the enzyme(s) responsible for these modifications has not been established (Hind et al, 1995;Race et al, 1995;Sokolenko et al, 1995). For cyanobacterial PSII, only the PSII-H polypeptide has been reported to undergo phosphorylation (Race and Gounaris, 1993), even though there is no corresponding consensus sequence at the N termini of the proteins from these species (Abdel-Mawgood and Dilley, 1990;Mayes and Barber, 1991). Nonetheless, universal phosphorylation of the PSII-H polypeptide would seem to reflect a fundamental physiological process: PSII-H was among the first chloroplast proteins shown to be phosphorylated and to such a high degree that it seems to undergo continua1 phosphorylation/ dephosphorylation in the light (Bennett, 1977).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Requirement for the H Phosphoprotein in Photosystem II of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

et al. 1997

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To dissect the expression of the psbB gene cluster of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast genome and to assess the role of the photosystem II H-phosphoprotein (PSII-H) in the biogenesis and/or stabilization of PSII, an aadA gene cassette conferring spectinomycin resistance was employed for mutagenesis. Disruption of the gene cluster has no effect on the abundance of transcripts of the upstream psbB/T locus. Likewise, interruption of psbB/T and psbH with a strong transcriptional terminator from the rbcL gene does not influence transcript accumulation. Thus, psbB/T and psbH may be independently transcribed, and the latter gene seems to have its own promoter in C. reinhardtii. In the absence of PSII-H, translation and thylakoid insertion of chloroplast PSII core proteins is unaffected, but PSII proteins do not accumulate. Because the deletion mutant also exhibits PSII deficiency when dark-grown, the effect is unrelated to photoinhibition. Turnover of proteins B and C of PSII and the polypeptides PSII protein A and PSII protein D is faster than in wild-type cells but is much slower than that observed in other PSII-deficient mutants of C. reinhardtii, suggesting a peripheral location of PSII-H in PSII. The role of PSII-H on PSII assembly was examined by sucrose gradient fractionation of pulse-labeled thylakoids; the accumulation of high-molecular-weight forms of PSII is severely impaired in the psbH deletion mutant. Thus, a primary role of PSII-H may be to facilitate PSII assembly/stability through dimerization. PSII-H phosphorylation, which possibly occurs at two sites, may also be germane to its role in regulating PSII structure, stabilization, or activity.

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Primary structure of the psbN-psbH-petC-petA gene cluster of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803

Cited by 56 publications

References 14 publications

Genome-Wide Dynamic Transcriptional Profiling of the Light-to-Dark Transition inSynechocystissp. Strain PCC 6803

Genome-Wide Dynamic Transcriptional Profiling of the Light-to-Dark Transition inSynechocystissp. Strain PCC 6803

A High-Resolution Gene Map of the Chloroplast Genome of the Red Alga Porphyra purpurea.

Requirement for the H Phosphoprotein in Photosystem II of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

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