Primate conservation in the new millennium: The role of scientists

Chapman, Colin A.; Peres, Carlos A.

doi:10.1002/1520-6505(2001)10:1<16::aid-evan1010>3.0.co;2-o

Cited by 321 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Conservation threats are typically considered in terms of readily apparent factors such as habitat loss and degradation (Cowlishaw 1999, Chapman and Peres 2001, Kerr and Deguise 2004 and overhunting (Caughley 1994, Oates 1996, Balirwa et al 2003. However, animal populations are declining not only in disturbed habitats, but in protected areas and pristine habitats as well (Twinomugisha and Chapman 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding long‐term primate community dynamics: implications of forest change

Chapman

Struhsaker

Skorupa

et al. 2010

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. Understanding the causes of population declines often involves comprehending a complex set of interactions linking environmental and biotic changes, which in combination overwhelm a population's ability to persist. To understand these relationships, especially for long-lived large mammals, long-term data are required, but rarely available. Here we use 26-36 years of population and habitat data to determine the potential causes of group density changes for five species of primates in Kibale National Park, Uganda, in areas that were disturbed to varying intensities in the late 1960s. We calculated group density from line transect data and quantified changes in habitat structure (cumulative diameter at breast height [dbh] and food availability [cumulative dbh of food trees]) for each primate species, and for one species, we evaluated change in food nutritional quality. We found that mangabeys and black-and-white colobus group density increased, blue monkeys declined, and redtails and red colobus were stable in all areas. For blue monkeys and mangabeys, there were no significant changes in food availability over time, yet their group density changed. For redtails, neither group density measures nor food availability changed over time. For black-and-white colobus, a decrease in food availability over time in the unlogged forest surprisingly coincided with an increase in group density. Finally, while red colobus food availability and quality increased over time in the heavily logged area, their group density was stable in all areas. We suggest that these populations are in nonequilibrium states. If such states occur frequently, it suggests that large protected areas will be required to protect species so that declines in some areas can be compensated for by increases in adjacent areas with different histories.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding long‐term primate community dynamics: implications of forest change

Chapman

Struhsaker

Skorupa

et al. 2010

Ecological Applications

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160

113

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“…Despite the emerging high prevalence of GHC in wild chimpanzees, the evidence for its absence at three sites (Bossou, Gombe, Sonso) is firmit has not been seen at these sites in decades of fieldwork. GHC has emerged spontaneously in one captive colony 15 and possibly one sanctuary-released group 9 . This indicates GHC is a dynamic social custom that potentially emerges and disappears in local populations repeatedly over time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large majority (approximately 80%) of all remaining populations of chimpanzees and gorillas live outside protected areas (PAs) 7,8 where human pressures are high. A serious everyday threat to great ape survival is hunting for meat 3 and as a result of the poverty of an ever-growing local population with a taste for game meat, traditional bushmeat hunting has become more and more driven by economic forces 9 . In the Dja Biosphere Reserve (DBR) it has been noted that all large and medium-sized mammalian species (except galagos and pottos) are hunted for human consumption 10 ; that wildlife is the source of 98% of the animal protein consumed in villages and towns in the vicinity; and that game meat comprises close to 80% of all meat eaten by the inhabitants-a large portion of this meat acquired through poaching in the reserve 11 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in accordance with this increase in gun hunting, more bushmeat being taken from the forests is being sold than in previous years; non-great ape primates are occurring more often in the bushmeat taken from the forest; primates are mostly being caught with guns; and the majority of these primates are being sold (unpublished data). This suggests that the bushmeat markets in the region are becoming more and more commercialised 9,10 , in keeping with the documented increase in intensity and spatial extent of commercial hunting which has been gradually taking hold for decades 1 . This change in hunting in the region shows the seriousness of threats and pressures being exerted on great ape populations in non-protected forests over the last decade.…”

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confidence: 99%

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<Note> Evaluating the Effectiveness of a 10-Year Old Great Ape Conservation Project in Cameroon

Tagg¹,

Petre²,

Willie³

2011

PAN

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“…Parks are the primary mechanisms used to protect tropical forest biodiversity (Terborgh et al 2002), especially in regions with high human densities (Chapman & Peres 2001). In tropical forest parks, a major concern is that their sustainability is largely threatened by anthropogenic pressures (Cincotta et al 2000;Laurence & Peres 2006) and has resulted in substantial declines in biodiversity (Laurance et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting perceptions of ecosystem services of an African forest park

et al. 2014

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SUMMARYTraditionally, conservation programmes assume that local peoples' support for parks depends on receiving material benefits from foreign exchange, tourism, development and employment. However, in the case of forest parks in Africa, where annual visitation can be small, local support may instead result from ecosystem services. Kibale National Park, a forest park in Uganda, demonstrates that people appreciate parks in ways that are seldom cited nor explored. Public perceptions of benefits accrued from Kibale were explored using two different sampling techniques: a community census and a geographic sample. In both surveys, over 50% of respondents perceived benefits provided by Kibale National Park, and over 90% of those who perceived benefits identified ecosystem services, whereas material benefits were cited less frequently. Multimodel selection on a suite of general linear models for the two different sampling methods provided a comparison of factors influencing perceptions of ecosystem services. Perceptions of Park benefits were influenced by geography, household and respondent characteristics, and perception of negative impacts from the Park. Perceived ecosystem benefits played an important role in the way the Park was viewed and valued locally. Parks have considerable impacts on neighbouring communities, and their long-term political and economic sustainability depends on managing these relationships well. Since local people have the most to gain or lose by conserving neighbouring parks, analyses that incorporate the perceptions of local people are essential to management and sustainability of park landscapes.

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Primate conservation in the new millennium: The role of scientists

Cited by 321 publications

References 134 publications

Understanding long‐term primate community dynamics: implications of forest change

Understanding long‐term primate community dynamics: implications of forest change

<Note> Evaluating the Effectiveness of a 10-Year Old Great Ape Conservation Project in Cameroon

Contrasting perceptions of ecosystem services of an African forest park

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