Prime Editing: A New Way for Genome Editing

Marzec, Marek; Brąszewska-Zalewska, Agnieszka; Hensel, Goetz

doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2020.01.004

Cited by 59 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A novel type of RNA called as “trans-activating crRNA” (tracrRNA) is essential for processing of crRNAs and cleavage of Cas9 nuclease complex. 11 TracrRNA is of 25 bases with nearly perfect complementarity to CRISPR repeats. Both crRNA and tracrRNA collectively hybridize because of complementarity and are processed by RNaseIII into mature products.…”

Section: Genome Editing Tools and Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In tandem with the fascinating variations being made for effective utilization of CRISPR/Cas9 system across several systems ( Table 1 ), prime editing, a unique protein fusion technology has been developed to improve homology directed repair (HDR). 11 A distinct protein called prime-editor, a fusion of Cas9 Nickase (cleaves single stranded DNA instead of double stranded) and reverse transcriptase proteins, which mutually forms a complex with prime-editing guide RNA (pegRNA), is directed to the target site and thus acts as a carrier of the desired edit. PegRNA consists of a specific sequence for binding with 3′ end of the nicked DNA strand, which then acts as a guide sequence for reverse transcriptase that mediates transfer of genetic information.…”

Section: Genome Editing Tools and Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prime-editing system provides advantages over traditional CRISPR-Cas9-based gene editing as off-target instances are speculated to be far fewer when compared to off-target sites generated by Cas9. 11 The latest addition to reiterate the usefulness of prime editing has been provided by studies in rice and wheat after successful optimization of codons, promoter, and editing conditions. 12 The study, a proof of concept in rice and wheat protoplasts, has demonstrated the success of plant prime editors in point mutations, insertions, and deletions.…”

Section: Genome Editing Tools and Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Genome Editing for Resistance to Insect Pests: An Emerging Tool for Crop Improvement

et al. 2020

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Plants are challenged incessantly by several biotic and abiotic stresses during their entire growth period. As with other biotic stress factors, insect pests have also posed serious concerns related to yield losses due to which agricultural productivity is at stake. In plants, trait modification for crop improvement was initiated with breeding approaches followed by genetic engineering. However, stringent regulatory policies for risk assessment and lack of social acceptance for genetically modified crops worldwide have incited researchers toward alternate strategies. Genome engineering or genome editing has emerged as a new breeding technique with the ability to edit the genomes of plants, animals, microbes, and human beings. Several gene editing strategies are being executed with continuous emergence of variants. The scientific community has unraveled the utility of various editing tools from endonucleases to CRISPR/Cas in several aspects related to plant growth, development, and mitigation of stresses. The categorical focus on the development of tools and techniques including designing of binary vectors to facilitate ease in genome engineering are being pursued. Through this Review, we embark upon the conglomeration of various genome editing strategies that can be and are being used to design insect pest resistance in plants. Case studies and novel crop-based approaches that reiterate the successful use of these tools in insects as well as in plants are highlighted. Further, the Review also provides implications for the requirement of a specific regulatory framework and risk assessment of the edited crops. Genome editing toward insect pest management is here to stay, provided uncompromising efforts are made toward the identification of amiable target genes.

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Section: Genome Editing Tools and Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genome Editing Tools and Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genome Editing Tools and Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Genome Editing for Resistance to Insect Pests: An Emerging Tool for Crop Improvement

et al. 2020

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“…Despite the advantages of prime-editing technology, the protein structure is currently too large for efficient delivery in vitro or in vivo, and it cannot be used to induce precise modifications in large indel mutations. Therefore, for this approach to be applied more broadly, further research is needed to develop more optimized systems that can overcome current limitations and increase efficiency and specificity [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Programmable Genome Editing Technologies Based On Crispr/mentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise Genome Editing in Poultry and Its Application to Industries

Park

Lee

Han

2020

Genes

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Poultry such as chickens are valuable model animals not only in the food industry, but also in developmental biology and biomedicine. Recently, precise genome-editing technologies mediated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system have developed rapidly, enabling the production of genome-edited poultry models with novel traits that are applicable to basic sciences, agriculture, and biomedical industry. In particular, these techniques have been combined with cultured primordial germ cells (PGCs) and viral vector systems to generate a valuable genome-edited avian model for a variety of purposes. Here, we summarize recent progress in CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-editing technology and its applications to avian species. In addition, we describe further applications of genome-edited poultry in various industries.

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“…Although natural DNA repair mechanisms are leveraged by designer nucleases, novel approaches rely on targeting other effectors to specific regions of the genome, such as nucleotide-converting enzymes (Base editors) or reverse transcriptases (Prime editing), to directly synthesize a desired edit into a DNA nick. Despite their utility in other fields ( Webber et al., 2019 ), these are less suited to cause profound changes in immune cells, because they can only be used to modify a small region within the genome ( Marzec et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Literacy: Reading, Writing, and Editing Adaptive Immunity

Csepregi¹,

Ehling²,

Wagner³

et al. 2020

iScience

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Advances in reading, writing, and editing DNA are providing unprecedented insights into the complexity of immunological systems. This combination of systems and synthetic biology methods is enabling the quantitative and precise understanding of molecular recognition in adaptive immunity, thus providing a framework for reprogramming immune responses for translational medicine. In this review, we will highlight state-of-the-art methods such as immune repertoire sequencing, immunoinformatics, and immunogenomic engineering and their application toward adaptive immunity. We showcase novel and interdisciplinary approaches that have the promise of transforming the design and breadth of molecular and cellular immunotherapies.

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Prime Editing: A New Way for Genome Editing

Cited by 59 publications

References 10 publications

Genome Editing for Resistance to Insect Pests: An Emerging Tool for Crop Improvement

Genome Editing for Resistance to Insect Pests: An Emerging Tool for Crop Improvement

Precise Genome Editing in Poultry and Its Application to Industries

Immune Literacy: Reading, Writing, and Editing Adaptive Immunity

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