Primed-lexical decision: The effect of varying the stimulus-onset asynchrony of prime and target

Groot, Annette M.B. de; Thomassen, Arnold J.W.M.; Hudson, Peter

doi:10.1016/0001-6918(86)90019-3

Cited by 47 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Given the results, it seems that the temporal proximity between the onsets of tactile and visual stimuli, rather than the entire duration of the task-irrelevant tactile stimuli, increased RTs in the discrimination task. The present results are consistent with the finding that it is generally easy to ignore task-irrelevant information (i.e., the tactile patterns in this experiment) when the onset of a target is temporally separated from that of the task-irrelevant primes and distractors (e.g., de Groot, Thomassen, & Hudson, 1986;Shore, Barnes, & Spence, 2006).…”

Section: Reaction Timesupporting

confidence: 91%

Inferring the depth of 3-D objects from tactile spatial information

Mitsudo

2015

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Four psychophysical experiments were conducted to examine the relation between tactile spatial information and the estimated depth of partially touched 3-D objects. Human participants touched unseen, tactile grating patterns with their hand while keeping the hand shape flat. Experiment 1, by means of a production task, showed that the estimated depth of the concave part below the touched grating was well correlated with the separation between the elements of the grating, but not with the overall size of the grating, nor with the local structure of the touched parts. Experiments 2 and 3, by means of a haptic working memory task, showed that the remembered depth of a target surface was biased toward the estimated bottom position of a tactile grating distractor. Experiment 4, by means of a discrimination task, revealed that tactile grating patterns influenced speeded judgments about visual 3-D shapes. These results suggest that the haptic system uses heuristics based on spatial information to infer the depth of an untouched part of a 3-D object.Keywords Cutaneous input . Somatotopic information . Depth . Haptic working memory . Speeded discrimination Haptic object recognition involves analyzing tactile spatial and material information through a set of hand movements called exploratory procedures (Lederman & Klatzky, 1987, 2009. Examples of spatial information 1 include the layout, shape, and size of touched objects and their parts, whereas examples of material information include the roughness and hardness of touched surfaces (Loomis & Lederman, 1986). For sighted and blindfolded participants, haptic object recognition is easier for familiar 3-D objects than for their 2-D versions such as raised-line drawings (e.g., Klatzky, Loomis, Lederman, Wake, & Fujita, 1993). Lawson and Bracken (2011) found that this was the case even when material information was controlled. Furthermore, these studies reported that recognition performance was better when participants used the hand than when they used only one finger. When participants touch an object with the hand, the haptic system receives much spatial information across a relatively wide area of the skin. How does the haptic system use spatial information in object recognition?A straightforward idea is that the haptic system uses spatial information to recognize the properties of the touched object parts (e.g., shape, size, and relative location), which may be distinctive enough to identify familiar 3-D objects. Indeed, the haptic system is sensitive to several local properties of objects such as length (Green, 1982), curvature (Goodwin, John, & Marceglia, 1991), and orientation (Frisoli, Solazzi, Reiner, & Bergamasco, 2011;Levy, Bourgeon, & Chapman, 2007). Given that familiar 3-D objects contain more distinctive parts than 1 Throughout this article, I use the term "spatial information" to refer to 2-D tactile patterns of the physical force applied to the skin, whereas tactile spatial information (or somatotopic information) also includes the magnitude and direct...

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Section: Reaction Timesupporting

confidence: 91%

Inferring the depth of 3-D objects from tactile spatial information

Mitsudo

2015

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…As I have argued elsewhere (Hagoort, 1993), there is convincing evidence (Balota & Chumbley, 1984;De Groot, 1984;De Groot, Thomassen, & Hudson, 1986;Keefe & Neely, 1990;Neely, 1977Neely, , 1991Neely, Keefe, & Ross, 1989;Seidenberg, Waters, Sanders, & Langer, 1984) that priming effects can be attributed to both automatic and more controlled priming mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Semantic Priming in Broca's Aphasics at a Short SOA: No Support for an Automatic Access Deficit

Hagoort

1997

Brain and Language

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This study tests the recent claim that Broca's aphasics are impaired in automatic lexical access, including the retrieval of word meaning. Subjects are required to perform a lexical decision on visually presented prime target pairs. Half of the word targets are preceded by a related word, half by an unrelated word. Primes and targets are presented with a long stimulus-onset-asynchrony (SOA) of 1400 msec and with a short SOA of 300 msec. Normal priming effects are observed in Broca's aphasics for both SOAs. This result is discussed in the context of the claim that Broca's aphasics suffer from an impairment in the automatic access of lexical-semantic information. It is argued that none of the current priming studies provides evidence supporting this claim, since with short SOAs priming effects have been reliably obtained in Broca's aphasics. The results are more compatible with the claim that in many Broca's aphasics the functional locus of their comprehension deficit is at the level of postlexical integration processes.

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“…However, this assumption requires further qualification. There is convincing evidence (Balota & Chumbley, 1984;De Groot, 1984;De Groot, Thomassen, & Hudson, 1986;Keefe & Neely, 1990;Neely, 1977Neely, , 1991Neely, Keefe, & Ross, 1989;Seidenberg, Waters, Sanders, & Langer, 1984) that priming effects can be attributed to a number of different mechanisms. argue that three different processes have to be assumed to account for the results in a large number of priming studies in which a lexical decision task has been used.…”

Section: Priming As An Index Of Automatic and Controlled Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairments of Lexical-Semantic Processing in Aphasia: Evidence from the Processing of Lexical Ambiguities

1993

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Broca's and Wernicke's aphasics performed speeded lexical decisions on the third member of auditorily presented triplets consisting of two word primes followed by either a word or a nonword. In three of the four priming conditions, the second prime was a homonym with two unrelated meanings. The relation of the first prime and the target with the two meanings of the homonym was manipulated in the different priming conditions. The two readings of the ambiguous words either shared their grammatical form class (noun-noun ambiguities) or not (noun-verb ambiguities). The silent intervals between the members of the triplets were varied between 100, 500, and 1250 msec. Priming at the shortest interval is mainly attributed to automatic lexical processing, and priming at the longest interval is mainly due to forms of controlled lexical processing. For both Broca's and Wernicke's aphasics overall priming effects were obtained at ISIs of 100 and 500 msec, but not at an ISI of 1250 msec. This pattern of results is consistent with the view that both types of aphasics can automatically access the semantic lexicon, but might be impaired in integrating lexical-semantic information into the context. Broca's aphasics showed a specific impairment in selecting the contextually appropriate reading of noun-verb ambiguities, which is suggested to result from a failure either in the on-line morphological parsing of complex word forms into a stem and an inflection or in the on-line exploitation of the syntactic implications of the inflectional suffix. In a final experiment patients were asked to explicitly judge the semantic relations between a subset of the primes that were used in the lexical decision study. Wernicke's aphasics performed worse than both Broca's aphasics and normal controls, indicating a specific impairment for these patients in consciously operating on automatically accessed lexical-semantic information. ® 1993 Academic Press. Inc. This research was supported by a stipend from the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften. I thank Colin Brown, Pienie Zwitserlood, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this article. Address reprint requests to Peter Hagoort,

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Primed-lexical decision: The effect of varying the stimulus-onset asynchrony of prime and target

Cited by 47 publications

References 19 publications

Inferring the depth of 3-D objects from tactile spatial information

Inferring the depth of 3-D objects from tactile spatial information

Semantic Priming in Broca's Aphasics at a Short SOA: No Support for an Automatic Access Deficit

Impairments of Lexical-Semantic Processing in Aphasia: Evidence from the Processing of Lexical Ambiguities

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