Primer Registro De Eudinopus Dytiscoides (Schreibers, 1802) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Canthonini) Para Bolivia

Vidaurre, Tito; Ledezma, Julieta; Vaz‐de‐Mello, Fernando Z.

doi:10.21829/azm.2009.251612

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“…Although the highly speciose and widely distributed genera Cryptocanthon Balthasar, 1942, Bdelyrus Harold, 1869, Canthonella Chapin, 1930, Ontherus Erichson, 1947 and especially Eurysternus Dalman, 1824 could be listed among those puzzling groups, the most interesting cases concern some small, relictually distributed genera such as the monotypic Eudinopus Burmeister, 1840, endemic to open habitats in southern Bolivia and Argentina (Halffter & Martínez 1966;Vidaurre et al 2009), Attavicinus Philips & Bell, 2008, from Mexico (Philips & Bell 2008, and Bolbites Harold, 1868, from the Chacoan and Pampas grasslands from Bolivia south to Argentina and Uruguay (Vaz-de-Mello & Grossi 2010), as well as the oligodiverse Anoplodrepanus Simonis, 1981, endemic to Jamaica (Matthews 1966;Howden 1976;Simonis 1981), Bdelyropsis Vulcano et al, 1960, from Central America and Venezuela (Howden 1971(Howden , 1976, Canthochilum Chapin, 1934, from the Antilles (Matthews 1966;Philips & Ivie 2008), Tesserodoniella Vaz- de-Mello & Halffter, 2006, from Chile (Vaz-de-Mello & Halffter 2006, Streblopus Van Lansberge, 1874, from South American tropical forest habitats (Halffter & Martínez 1966), and Zonocopris Arrow, 1932, a giant snail phoretic from South American open environments (Vaz-de-Mello 2007a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematics of the enigmatic South American Streblopus Van Lansberge, 1874 dung beetles and their transatlantic origin: a case study on the role of dispersal events in the biogeographical history of the Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Cupello¹,

Ribeiro-Costa²,

Vaz‐de‐Mello³

2020

EJT

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Streblopus Van Lansberge, 1874 has been one of the most mysterious dung beetle groups of the Neotropical fauna, having a rather peculiar morphology, very few known specimens in collections and a difficult placement among the scarabaeine lineages. In this work, based on the examination of a recently collected series of specimens and a synthesis of some scattered, but deeply valuable, information available in the literature, we readdress many of the questions posed by past authors. It is shown that Streblopus is a relict genus composed of two currently living species of widely disjunct distribution, namely S. opatroides Van Lansberge, 1874, from patches of Atlantic Forest in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Espírito Santo, and S. punctatus (Balthasar, 1938), known from a few localities across Sub-Andean humid forests in the Peruvian and Ecuadorian Amazon Forest. We redescribe both and present in detail the evidence pointing to their validity as two independent species; a discussion of their remarkable sexual dimorphism is also given. The biogeography of Streblopus in South America is addressed, and we conclude that the present disjunct distribution of the genus is a consequence of the retreat of the tropical forest corridors that once connected the Atlantic Forest to the Amazon Basin through the South American Dry Diagonal during several periods of the Neogene, particularly until the Middle Miocene. Finally, we propose an African origin for the genus based on its close phylogenetic relationship with a group of Old World taxa ‒ particularly Circellium Latreille, 1825 and Scarabaeini. Having diverged from those groups in the late Upper Cretaceous, we argue that the ancestor of Streblopus arrived in South America crossing the Atlantic Ocean by rafting. We present a synthesis of data from a wide variety of biological groups to support our ideas and contend that long-distance dispersal hypotheses should be taken more seriously by scarab beetle specialists.

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