Priming effects of a peripheral visual stimulus in simple and go/no-go tasks

Squella, S.A.F.; Ribeiro-do-Valle, L.E.

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2003000200013

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…According to the latter, attention mobilization by a cue would be related to the difficulty of the task (4,5). As the difficulty of the discrimination increases more attention would be dedicated to the task, tonically facilitating not only central processing of the targets but also that of the cue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strategy normally used in any one of these tasks could change if a task were performed after the other. Squella and Ribeiro-do-Valle (5) showed that the attentional effect produced by a gray ring in a go/no-go reaction time task when a white vertical line inside a ring was the positive target could completely disappear if the volunteers were previously tested with the same stimuli in a simple reaction time task. The exact mechanism of these attentional strategies is not clear.…”

Section: Experiments 1 and 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of attention by a peripheral visual cue depends on whether the target is difficult to discriminate

Macea

Abbud

Lopes-de-Oliveira

et al. 2006

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The influence of a peripheral cue represented by a gray ring on responsivity to a subsequent target varies. When a vertical line inside a ring was a go target and a white small ring inside a ring was a no-go target, reaction time was shorter at the same location relative to a different location. However, no reaction time difference between the two locations occurred when a white cross inside the ring, instead of the white vertical line inside the ring, was the go target. We investigated whether this last finding was due to a forward masking influence of the cue, a requirement of low attention for the discrimination or a lack of attention mobilization by the cue. In Experiment 1, the intensity of the cue was reduced in an attempt to reduce forward masking. In Experiment 2, the vertical line and the cross were presented in the same block of trials so as to be dealt with a common attentional strategy. In Experiments 3 and 4, the no-go target was a 45º rotated cross inside a ring to increase the difficulty of the discrimination. No evidence was obtained that the cross was forward masked by the cue nor that it demanded less attention to be discriminated from the small ring. There was a facilitation of responsivity by the cue when the small ring was replaced by the rotated cross. The results suggest that when the discrimination to be performed is too easy the cue does not mobilize attention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiments 1 and 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of attention by a peripheral visual cue depends on whether the target is difficult to discriminate

Macea

Abbud

Lopes-de-Oliveira

et al. 2006

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…When they have to respond differentially to two simple visual stimuli, latencies increase to about 350 to 450 ms (1). The occurrence of another sensory stimulus (auditory, visual) preceding the target visual stimulus usually shortens reaction time by tens of milliseconds (2)(3)(4)(5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative contribution of expectancy and immediate arousal to the facilitatory effect of an auditory accessory stimulus

Del-Fava

Ribeiro-do-Valle

2004

Braz J Med Biol Res

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An auditory stimulus speeds up a digital response to a subsequent visual stimulus. This facilitatory effect has been related to the expectancy and the immediate arousal that would be caused by the accessory stimulus. The present study examined the relative contribution of these two influences. In a first and a third experiment a simple reaction time task was used. In a second and fourth experiment a go/no-go reaction time task was used. In each of these experiments, the accessory stimulus preceded the target stimulus by 200 ms for one group of male and female volunteers (G Fix ). For another group of similar volunteers (G Var ) the accessory stimulus preceded the target stimulus by 200 ms in 25% of the trials, by 1000 ms in 25% of the trials and was not followed by the target stimulus in 50% of the trials (Experiments 1a and 1b) or preceded the target stimulus by 200 ms in 6% of the trials and by 1000 ms in 94% of the trials (Experiments 2a and 2b). There was a facilitatory effect of the accessory stimulus for G Fix in the four experiments. There was also a facilitatory effect of the accessory stimulus at the 200-ms stimulus onset asynchrony for G Var in Experiments 1a and 1b but not in Experiments 2a and 2b. The facilitatory effects observed were larger in the go/no-go task than in the simple task. Taken together, these results suggest that expectancy is much more important than immediate arousal for the improvement of performance caused by an accessory stimulus.

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“…Porém, no Brasil, as publicações enfocando os estudos no paradigma de priming, mesmo não restritos ao contexto do processamento de leitura, são escassas (Azevedo, Squella & Ribeiro-do-Valle, 2001;Busnello, 2007;Carreiro, Haddad Júnior & Baldo, 2003;DelFava & Ribeiro-do-Valle, 2004;Macedo, 2003;Oliveira, 2001;Oliveira & Janczura, 2004;Pompéia & Bueno, 2006;Pompéia, Paes & Bueno, 2003;Rosin, 2001Rosin, , 2004Squella & Ribeiro-do-Valle, 2003), conforme pesquisa feita nas bases de dados Scielo e LILACS, com a palavra-chave "priming".…”

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O paradigma de priming semântico na investigação do processamento de leitura de palavras

Salles¹,

Jou²,

Stein³

2007

Inter. Psicol.

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RESUMOO priming é um tipo de memória implícita (não declarativa) referente aos efeitos facilitadores de eventos antecedentes (primes) sobre o desempenho subseqüente (alvos). No priming semântico há uma relação de significado ou de contexto entre o prime e o alvo. Este paradigma pode ser utilizado como recurso metodológico para estudar, de forma indireta, o processamento semântico na leitura. Este artigo visa apresentar conceitos e discutir aspectos metodológicos do paradigma de priming semântico e as possibilidades de uso para estudo do processamento da leitura. Será apresentada uma revisão do conceito e de procedimentos metodológicos do priming semântico nos estudos de leitura. Serão abordados os modelos teóricos de leitura de palavras (acesso ao léxico mental), os modelos explicativos para o efeito de priming semântico na leitura e serão analisadas pesquisas utilizando o paradigma para investigar o reconhecimento de palavras escritas. Conclui-se que, apesar dos estudos internacionais, especialmente os realizados com crianças, conduzirem a resultados não consensuais, o paradigma de priming semântico mostra-se útil para investigar o conhecimento semântico implícito e on-line, ou seja, durante o processamento das palavras lidas, o que torna sua testagem ecológica e menos artificial. As diferenças de resultados podem relacionar-se à variabilidade dos procedimentos metodológicos. Palavras-chave: priming semântico; leitura de palavras; memória implícita. ABSTRACT The semantic priming paradigm in the word reading processing investigationPriming is a type of implicit memory (non-declarative) referring to the facilitating effects of precedent events (primes) on subsequent performance (targets). In semantic priming there is a relation of signification or context between the prime and the target. This paradigm can be used as a methodological resource to study, in an indirect manner, the semantic processing in reading. This article aims to present concepts and discuss methodological aspects of the paradigm of semantic priming and the possibilities of using it in studying the process of reading. A revision of concepts and the discussion of methodological aspects of the semantic priming paradigm in reading studies will be presented. Theoretical models of word reading (access to mental lexicon), the explanatory models for the semantic priming effect in reading will be approached. And, studies using the paradigm to investigate the recognition of written words will be analyzed. Despite international studies that led to non-consensual results, especially those undertaken with children, this study infers that the semantic priming paradigm shows to be useful in investigating implicit and on-line semantic knowledge, rather, during the process of reading words, which makes its testing more ecological and less artificial. The differences of results can be related to the variability of methodological procedures.

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Priming effects of a peripheral visual stimulus in simple and go/no-go tasks

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Control of attention by a peripheral visual cue depends on whether the target is difficult to discriminate

Control of attention by a peripheral visual cue depends on whether the target is difficult to discriminate

Relative contribution of expectancy and immediate arousal to the facilitatory effect of an auditory accessory stimulus

O paradigma de priming semântico na investigação do processamento de leitura de palavras

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