Principals' Instructional Leadership Practices in Pakistan Elementary Schools: Perceptions and Implications

Khan, Adeel Ahmed; Asimiran, Soaib; Kadir, Suhaida Abdul; Basri, Ramli

doi:10.13189/ujer.2020.081303

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, these head teachers have left the implementation at teachers' disposal (Hall and George, 1999) without realizing their due role in terms of initiating the change and leading teachers in this regard. Similarly, leaving change implementation on teachers' disposal, the head teachers had not made them accountable, which are similar to Khan et al (2020), who found head teachers in Pakistan with nonconsideration of teachers' accountability.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Change facilitation: what styles do Pakistani secondary school head teachers possess?

Jogezai

Ismail

Baloch

2021

IJEM

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PurposeThis study aimed at exploring the change facilitator styles (CFS) that secondary school head teachers in Pakistan possess.Design/methodology/approachThis is a quantitative study using Hall and George CFS questionnaire to collect data from 276 secondary school head teachers. The CFSQ used in this study consists of 30 Likert-type questions relating to six scales. The six scales, with five items each in aggregate, form three possible CFS, including initiator, manager and responder.FindingsThe results indicate that most secondary school head teachers (75.7%) in Pakistan used responder CFS to facilitate change in their schools. 16.7% of the head teachers used manger, while only 7.6% possessed initiator change facilitation styles.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has implications for research, in particular in the developing countries where head teachers' leadership practices are rooted in the past with maintaining authority and status quo.Practical implicationsThe study has implications for policymakers and schools in developing countries, like Pakistan, in terms of considering the vital role of head teachers in change implementation. In particular, in the prevailing cluster-based educational management, the study's findings remain valuable for schools in the Balochistan province of Pakistan.Originality/valueThe paper reports the results regarding secondary school head teachers' change facilitator styles in the context of power devolution in Pakistan. The authors believe that the manuscript is appropriate for publication by the international journal of educational management because it is in line with the aims and scope of the journal. The authors assure the originality of this work. It has not been published elsewhere, nor is it currently under consideration for publication in any other journal.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Change facilitation: what styles do Pakistani secondary school head teachers possess?

Jogezai

Ismail

Baloch

2021

IJEM

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“…Instructional leadership is a multifaceted progression, which varies across settings, based on individual style, school background, and components. Based on local empirical research, most of the principals in Pakistan had insufficient time to provide innovation to the school due to their administrative duties and day to day matters (Adeel, Soaib, Suhaida & Ramli (2020); Nasreen & Odhiambo, 2018).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instructional Leadership and Students Academic Performance: Mediating Effects of Teacher’s Organizational Commitment

Khan¹,

Asimiran²,

Kadir³

et al. 2020

IJLTER

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This study investigates the mediating effects of teacher organizational commitment on the relationship between principal's instructional leadership and students' academic performance. Principals' effective leadership performance is assumed to be responsible for students' academic performance. However, many findings from the literature indicate no significant direct effect between instructional leadership and students' academic performance. Therefore, the current study hypothesized that principals' instructional leadership indirectly enhances students' academic performances through teacher organizational commitment. Data obtained from 440 primary school teachers from the state of Azad Jammu & Kashmir of Pakistan and pre-existing school academic performance data obtained from each school participated. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling, employing AMOS. The study's findings indicate that there is an indirect positive effect of principals' instructional leadership and students' academic performance through teacher's organizational commitment. Hence, schools with higher instructional leadership levels had better teachers, commitment to school, teaching work, teaching occupation, workgroup, and higher student's academic performances. Therefore, increasing the instructional leadership practices in schools through teacher organizational commitment contributes to Pakistan's overall student academic performances. Therefore, it is recommended to use instructional leadership components in the curriculum that effectively train new principals.

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“…This finding can be attributed to Pakistan's unique context where teachers rely heavily on the principal's directions. Akram and Shah (2018) found that the principals in Pakistani schools were under huge pressure; they concentrated on their own and teachers' personal obligations and accountability rather than collaboration and collegiality (Khan et al, 2020). If principals in Pakistani schools see themselves as instructional leaders, they acknowledge teachers' expertise and encourage them to share their intellectual abilities and skills with other teachers and collaboratively contribute towards the schools' overall knowledge performance (Khan et al, 2020;Shaked and Schechter, 2019) but if they are autocratic managers, they may prefer giving only directions and minimize individuals' and teams' Notes: F(4, 669) = 57.296, (r < 0.001); Adj R 2 = 0.394 ** r < 0.001 Knowledge performance involvement in strategic decision-making.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organizational learning and knowledge performance at middle-cost Pakistani schools: implications for leaders

Thomas

Machado

2022

JWL

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Purpose There is limited research in Pakistan that describes how organizational learning, which is not contingent on funding, can be used to improve the quality of education in developing countries. This study addresses this gap in the literature with a study that examines the perceptions of educators at medium-cost schools in Karachi, Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach As part of a larger mixed-method QUAN-qual study, this study used an instrument based on Watkins and Marsick’s Dimensions of the Learning Organization, to collect survey data from 21 head teachers/coordinators, 653 teachers at 32 urban schools. This paper presents an analysis of survey data and findings related to two research questions. This paper used exploratory factor analysis and simultaneous regression analysis to test four hypotheses. Findings The findings suggest that of the four levels of learning, global and school level learning predict knowledge performance at medium-cost urban schools in Karachi, Pakistan. Practical implications The paper includes implications for both school leaders and the education leadership faculty who prepare them to play a vital role in schools. Originality/value The paper adds to a limited body of literature that describes how organizational learning can be used to improve the quality of education in developing countries such as Pakistan.

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Principals' Instructional Leadership Practices in Pakistan Elementary Schools: Perceptions and Implications

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Change facilitation: what styles do Pakistani secondary school head teachers possess?

Change facilitation: what styles do Pakistani secondary school head teachers possess?

Instructional Leadership and Students Academic Performance: Mediating Effects of Teacher’s Organizational Commitment

Organizational learning and knowledge performance at middle-cost Pakistani schools: implications for leaders

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