Principle-driven program design versus manualized programming in humanitarian settings

Building resilience for healthcare professionals working in an Italian red zone during the COVID‐19 outbreak: A pilot study

“…R2 is a multisystemic resilience‐oriented approach which helps healthcare leaders strengthen access to personal and organizational resources. Implementation of the R2 model is intended to address the following three generalized principles to build a resilient healthcare organization: Applying a participatory approach to program design which integrates providers' perceptions of possible solutions to complex problems (Giordano et al., 2021 ; Giordano & Ungar, 2021 ). In order to identify practices that support organizational and healthcare workers' resilience, the R2 program involved healthcare leaders in selecting the rugged qualities and resources most likely to build resilience in their particular settings during the pandemic.…”

“…Applying a participatory approach to program design which integrates providers' perceptions of possible solutions to complex problems (Giordano et al., 2021 ; Giordano & Ungar, 2021 ). In order to identify practices that support organizational and healthcare workers' resilience, the R2 program involved healthcare leaders in selecting the rugged qualities and resources most likely to build resilience in their particular settings during the pandemic.…”

“…Resilience can, therefore, be considered a process that unfolds over time in the context of person–environment interactions (Egeland et al.,1993). This perspective suggests that it is a malleable process, and as such it is suitable for intervention (Giordano, Ragnoli & Brajda, 2019 ; Giordano, Ragnoli, Brajda et al., 2019 ; Giordano & Ungar, 2021 ). Recently, there has been interest in the development and evaluation of resilience building programs for healthcare workers (Grant et al., 2009 ), including populations like nurses in an oncology inpatient hospital unit (Pipe et al., 2012 ) and physicians at a tertiary care medical centre (Sood et al., 2011 ).…”

Managing Children’s Fears during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Strategies Adopted by Italian Caregivers

“…It is likely that families during the COVID-19 pandemic find within themselves a source of resilience to cope with multiple stresses, adapt to devastating dislocations, strengthen important bonds, endure uncertainty, and manage future challenges [ 5 ]. In particular, studies conducted on children exposed to adversities have shown the need for mutual support, comfort, and protection when helplessness and confusion are widespread [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Children learn coping strategies either directly, e.g., when parents encourage their children to use specific techniques to cope with stressors or their reactions to them [ 33 ], or indirectly, e.g., when children observe their parents’ emotional, cognitive, and behavioural strategies for coping with stressful events [ 18 , 34 ].…”

Tutor of Resilience: A Model for Psychosocial Care Following Experiences of Adversity

“…Widen the participants' point of view on the beneficiaries, in order not to limit it to impairments and psychological wounds but to focus attention on the beneficiaries' strengths (26)(27)(28)(29)(30) To ensure that these core principles will be effective in real-world settings, ToR is based on findings from several large multisite action-research studies and interventions, in national and international contexts, aimed at broadening our understanding of culturally significant protective factors and processes that foster resilience. Studies have focused on populations affected by war and forced migration (66), natural disasters (48,67), abuse and maltreatment (39,68) and other types of adversity (69). The ToR model proposes a twin-track approach which includes: (1) transforming the attitudes of services providers to better perceive the strengths of beneficiaries, rather than training service providers as program facilitators (70); and (2) flexibly building contextually and culturally specific interventions through a five-phase method that ensures programming will influence positively the well-being of program beneficiaries.…”