Principles and Design of Biphasic Self‐Stratifying Batteries Toward Next‐Generation Energy Storage

Abstract

Large‐scale energy storage devices play pivotal roles in effectively harvesting and utilizing green renewable energies (such as solar and wind energy) with capricious nature. Biphasic self‐stratifying batteries (BSBs) have emerged as a promising alternative for grid energy storage owing to their membraneless architecture and innovative battery design philosophy, which holds promise for enhancing the overall performance of the energy storage system and reducing operation and maintenance costs. This minireview aims to provide a timely review of such emerging energy storage technology, including its fundamental design principles, existing categories, and prototype architectures. The challenges and opportunities of this undergoing research topic will also be systematically highlighted and discussed to provide guidance for the subsequent R&D of superior BSBs while conducive to bridging the gap for their future practical application.

Boosting the cell voltage in biphasic flow batteries via Galvani potential difference

“…3,4 The evolving energy storage landscape has led to the emergence of biphasic flow batteries, employing two immiscible electrolytes, which utilize organic solvents for a higher cell voltage compared to water-based batteries. 5–8…”

“…Unlike their monophasic counterparts, biphasic flow batteries introduce a novel approach by employing two immiscible liquid phases (immiscible negolyte and posolyte), often a combination of organic and aqueous phases, 5–8 two organic phases separated by an aqueous phase 9,10 or more recently also two aqueous-containing phases. 6 Recently, also all-organic biphasic batteries have been proposed.…”