Principles and Practice of Laser-Doppler Anemometry

Durst, F.; Melling, A.; Whitelaw, J. H.; Wang, C. P.

doi:10.1115/1.3424128

Cited by 520 publications

(375 citation statements)

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“…In practice, this frequency shift is too small to be detected due to the high frequencies involved. Instead, a twolaser-beam setup is used, allowing the velocity component of the reflecting particle in the plane of the beams and perpendicular to the line bisecting the angle between the beams to be calculated from the frequency shift (28,29).…”

Section: Ldvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and 3D phase‐contrast magnetic resonance angiography (PC‐MRA) velocity measurements: Validation in an anatomically accurate cerebral artery aneurysm model with steady flow

Hollnagel

Summers

Kollias

et al. 2007

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose:To verify the accuracy of velocity mapping with three-dimensional (3D) phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography (PC-MRA) for steady flow in a realistic model of a cerebral artery aneurysm at a 3T scanner. Materials and Methods:Steady flow through an original geometry model of a cerebral aneurysm was mapped at characteristic positions by state-of-the-art laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) as well as 3D PC-MRA at 3T. The spatial distributions and local values of two velocity components obtained with these two measurement methods were compared. Results:The 3D PC-MRA velocity field distribution and mean velocity values exhibited only minor differences to compare to the LDV measurements in straight artery regions for both main and secondary velocities. The differences increased in regions with disturbed flow and in cases where the measurement plane was not perpendicular to the main flow direction.Conclusion: 3D PC-MRA can provide reliable measurements of velocity components of steady flow in small arteries. The accuracy of such measurements depends on the artery size and the measurement plane positioning.

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Section: Ldvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and 3D phase‐contrast magnetic resonance angiography (PC‐MRA) velocity measurements: Validation in an anatomically accurate cerebral artery aneurysm model with steady flow

Hollnagel

Summers

Kollias

et al. 2007

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…Using the Stokes stream function ~we have ( 6) u = ~ e r sine Br (7) with the boundary condition at r + oo being (8) where U is the free stream velocity~ assumed to be in the x-direction,…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophoresis of particles in a heated boundary layer

et al. 1980

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A laser-Doppler velocimeter study of velocity profiles in the laminar boundary layer adjacent to a heated flat plate revealed that the seed particles used for the LDV measurements were driven away from the plate surface by thermophoretic forces. causing a particle-free region within the boundary layer of approximately one half the boundary layer thickness, Measurements of the thickness of this region were compared with particle trajectories calculated according to several theories for the thermophoretic force. It was found that the theory of Brock, with an improved value for the thermal slip coefficient, gave the best a~reement with experiment for low Knudsen numbers, ~/R = O(lo-). where ~ is the mean free path and R the particle radius.Data obtained by other experimenters over a wider ranqe of Knudsen numbers are compared, and a fitting formula for the thermophoretic force useful over the entire range 0 ~ ~/R ~ oo is proposed which agrees within 20-25% with the majority of the available data.

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“…Noncontact flowmeters are equally useful when walls are contaminated like in the processing of radioactive materials, when pipes are strongly vibrating or in cases when portable flowmeters are to be developed. If the liquid and the wall of the pipe are transparent and the liquid contains tracer particles, laser-based optical flow measurement techniques 1,16 represent an effective and efficient tool to perform noncontact measurements. However, if either the wall or the liquid are opaque as is often the case in food production, chemical engineering, glass making, and metallurgy, very few possibilities for noncontact flow measurement exist.…”

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confidence: 99%

A universal noncontact flowmeter for liquids

Wegfraß

Diethold

Werner

et al. 2012

Applied Physics Letters

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Lorentz force velocimetry (LFV) is a noncontact electromagnetic flow measurement technique for liquid metals that is currently used in fundamental research and metallurgy. Up to now, the application of LFV was limited to the narrow class of liquids whose electrical conductivity is of the order 106 S/m. Here, we demonstrate that LFV can be applied to liquids with conductivities up to six orders of magnitude smaller than in liquid metals. We further argue that this range can be extended to 10−3 S/m under industrial and to 10−6 S/m under laboratory conditions making LFV applicable to most liquids of practical interest.

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Principles and Practice of Laser-Doppler Anemometry

Cited by 520 publications

References 0 publications

Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and 3D phase‐contrast magnetic resonance angiography (PC‐MRA) velocity measurements: Validation in an anatomically accurate cerebral artery aneurysm model with steady flow

Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and 3D phase‐contrast magnetic resonance angiography (PC‐MRA) velocity measurements: Validation in an anatomically accurate cerebral artery aneurysm model with steady flow

Thermophoresis of particles in a heated boundary layer

A universal noncontact flowmeter for liquids

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