Principles, applications, and future of artificial intelligence in dermatology

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of artificial-intelligence (AI), as applied to dermatology. We focus our discussion on methodology, AI applications for various skin diseases, limitations, and future opportunities. We review how the current image-based models are being implemented in dermatology across disease subsets, and highlight the challenges facing widespread adoption. Additionally, we discuss how the future of AI in dermatology might evolve and the emerging paradigm of large language, and multi-modal models to emphasize the importance of developing responsible, fair, and equitable models in dermatology.

Artificial intelligence in dermatology: advancements and challenges in skin of color

“…There has been a large amount of work to explore potential applications of AI in dermatology, with many aspects of dermatologic care currently using AI as a tool. Recent advancements include application of AI technology in skin malignancy diagnosis, identification of inflammatory dermatological conditions like atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, assessment of ulcers, and dermatopathology evaluation 52,53 . Given the problems of image quality, standardization, and lack of representation of SOC in datasets, the programs have a clear need for further development and growth.…”

“…Recent advancements include application of AI technology in skin malignancy diagnosis, identification of inflammatory dermatological conditions like atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, assessment of ulcers, and dermatopathology evaluation. 52,53 Given the problems of image quality, standardization, and lack of representation of SOC in datasets, the programs have a clear need for further development and growth. A nonexhaustive list of AI programs that included SOC images are discussed in Table 1.…”

AI and professional liability assessment in healthcare. A revolution in legal medicine?

“…( 2 ) Patients who, even after being adequately informed, underestimate the recommendations provided by the AI system, for example, in the monitoring of a chronic condition.…”

“…Artificial intelligence (AI) has multiple applications in the medical-surgical context, both in scientific research and clinical care. Artificial intelligence has been and is used, for example, for the following purposes: (1) the diagnostic interpretation of images in ophthalmology ( 1 ), dermatology ( 2 ), gastroenterology ( 3 ), anatomic pathology ( 4 ), and radiology ( 5 ); (2) the interpretation of signals derived from electronic devices ( 6 ) and molecular data (genetics, tumor markers, protein structures, and medical records with medical history collection) ( 7 ); (3) the development of vaccines and drugs ( 8 ); (4) the prediction of access volume for healthcare facilities, the risk of complications in hospitalized patients, potential hospitalization, potentially serious complications, and prognosis ( 9 – 11 ); (5) the more precise classification of diseases ( 12 ); and (6) robotic surgery ( 13 , 14 ).…”

Can Artificial Intelligence “Hold” a Dermoscope?—The Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot to Translate the Dermoscopic Language

“…Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly becoming popular in the section of dermatology and has become a helping hand to dermatologists for skin cancer diagnosis as well as difficult cases. Currently, studies report high accuracy performance, even exceeding dermatologists for the diagnosis of skin lesions [ 1 ]. The use of artificial intelligence in dermatology is mainly image-based and is constructed by the deep learning (DL) methodology, which makes connections between inputs such as images and outputs such as diagnoses like BCC or melanoma [ 2 ].…”