Principles of antiepileptic drug treatment of epilepsy

Yamatogi, Yasuko

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2004.01244_1.x

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Traditional pharmacological treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders have typically targeted serotonin reuptake (tricyclic or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants 167 ) and dopamine receptors (antipsychotics for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder 168 ), whereas epilepsy treatments employ a range of sodium, calcium and GABAergic channel regulators depending on seizure type 169 . Although efficacious for many patients, these treatments suffer from various serious drawbacks.…”

Section: Novel Therapeutic Avenuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic structural plasticity and neuropsychiatric disease

2018

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The structure of neuronal circuits that subserve cognitive functions in the brain is shaped and refined throughout development and into adulthood. Evidence from human and animal studies suggests that the cellular and synaptic substrates of these circuits are atypical in neuropsychiatric disorders, indicating that altered structural plasticity may be an important part of the disease biology. Advances in genetics have redefined our understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders and have revealed a spectrum of risk factors that impact pathways known to influence structural plasticity. In this Review, we discuss the importance of recent genetic findings on the different mechanisms of structural plasticity and propose that these converge on shared pathways that can be targeted with novel therapeutics.

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Section: Novel Therapeutic Avenuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic structural plasticity and neuropsychiatric disease

2018

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“…Primidone is an anticonvulsant of the pyrimidinedione class. It has been occasionally employed in the treatment of bipolar disorder or any other psychiatric problem . Valproic acid is one of the most common used AEDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiepileptic drugs: Impacts on human serum paraoxonase‐1

Beydemır

Demir

2016

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Serum paraoxonase (PON1) is a key enzyme related to high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol particle. It can prevent the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and HDL. The present article focuses on the in vitro inhibition role of some antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) such as valproic acid, gabapentin, primidone, phenytoin, and levetiracetam on human paraoxonase (hPON1). Therefore, PON1 was purified from human serum with a specific activity of 3976.36 EU/mg and 13.96% yield by using simple chromatographic methods. The AEDs were tested at various concentrations, which showed reduced in vitro hPON1 activity. IC values for gabapentin, valproic acid, primidone, phenytoin, and levetiracetam were found to be 0.35, 0.67, 0.87, 6.3, and 53.3 mM, respectively. K constants were 0.261 ± 0.027, 0.338 ± 0.313, 0.410 ± 0.184, 10.3 ± 0.001, and 43.01 ± 0.003 mM, respectively. Gabapentin exhibited effective inhibitory activity as compared with the other drugs. The inhibition mechanisms of all compounds were noncompetitive.

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“…Ovulatory failure induced by epilepsy, and some AEDs may be the result of hormonal abnormalities and ovarian dysfunction [ 34 ]. The fact that the release of pituitary LH in WWE changes freely and in response to GnRH shows that the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is dysfunctional [ 44 ]. Women who used AEDs that activate cytochrome P450 proteins experienced significant decreases in blood, testosterone, and estradiol levels, with higher levels of sex steroid globulin [ 45 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epilepsy and Issues Related to Reproductive Health

Khan,

Bankar,

Bandre

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Sexual disorders are prevalent and vary in men and women with epilepsy (WWE). Infertility and reproductive abnormalities are twice as common in females with epilepsy. Antiepileptic medications and seizures can both have an impact on sexual health in people with epilepsy. Seizures can alter the release of pituitary and hypothalamic hormones, and some antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can alter sex steroid hormones (gonadal steroids and gonad corticoids). Females with epilepsy are more susceptible to menstrual cycle irregularity and polycystic ovary syndrome . Females and males had lower reproductive rates, and the causes are likely psychological and physiological, with epilepsy and AEDs again playing a role. Sexual disorders are common in WWE and men with epilepsy and can be caused by psychological, physical, or social factors. Specialists must address the gender-based biology of epilepsy and the impact of AEDs on sexual well-being to offer the best treatment possible for patients with epilepsy, particularly women of sexual maturity.

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Principles of antiepileptic drug treatment of epilepsy

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Dendritic structural plasticity and neuropsychiatric disease

Dendritic structural plasticity and neuropsychiatric disease

Antiepileptic drugs: Impacts on human serum paraoxonase‐1

Epilepsy and Issues Related to Reproductive Health

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