“…Psychological comorbidities like depression, distress, and anxiety can also worsen pain in affected patients 52 and vice versa 53 . Associate Professor Strasser differentiated pain in nociceptive pain, including superficial, deep somatic or visceral pain, and neuropathic pain 54 . Inflammatory mediators, for example, tumour necrosis factor–alpha, cyclooxygenase 2 enzymes, interleukin 1, and interleukin 6, were illustrated as possible pain modulators, 55 yet more research is needed to better understand the pathophysiology of pain.…”