Principles of Feeding Farm Animals

Bull, Sleeter; Carroll, W. E.

doi:10.1097/00010694-193808000-00007

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The centro itself contained 4-0 per cent nitrogen and constituted 41 per cent of the pasture by weight, so that the mean nitrogen content of the hay was 2-5 per cent. Although nothing is known of the protein quality, this nitrogen concentration is probably adequate for satisfactory livestock nutrition, since the critical level in temperate forages is regarded as lying between 1 • 6 and 2 • 5 per cent nitrogen (Bull and Carroll, 1949). (Tables 2 and 3).…”

Section: 6mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Fertilization and Cutting on a Tropical Grass-Legume Pasture

Moore

1965

Ex. Agric.

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Experiments involving N, P, and K fertilization, and height and frequency of cutting, were carried out on a mixed pasture of giant stargrass {Cynodon plectostachyus) and centro (Centrosema pubescens) at the University of Ibadan during the growing seasons 1959-61. For the first cut after fertilization yield responses of 17 and 24 per cent resulted from applications of 50 and 100 lb N per acre respectively in various experiments but the effect was transient and recovery of fertilizer nitrogen probably did not exceed 30 per cent. Nitrogen fertilization of sown pastures is unlikely to be an economic practice in Nigeria in the forseeable future. Yield responses of 30 per cent resulted from applications of 2^ and 5 cwt superphosphate per acre with a marked residual effect two years after application. Significantly higher concentrations of extractable inorganic soil P at the higher P fertilization rate after 2 years were largely a reflection of the levels of the iron phosphate fraction, but similar trends were evident in the aluminium and calcium phosphate fractions. No differences were found in total, organic, or residual P. The proportion of centro in one 1959 cut for the o and 5 cwt rates of superphosphate were 46 and 38 per cen t whereas N had no effect, the reverse of the response normally encountered in a temperate mixed pasture. No response to K was obtained. Increased frequency and height of cutting both resulted in decreased yields of dry matter but cutting at 2-4 inches at 8-weekly intervals appears to be the mos t satisfactory method of managing this pasture for hay production, with yields of approximately 2J tons dry matter per acre.

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Section: 6mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Fertilization and Cutting on a Tropical Grass-Legume Pasture

Moore

1965

Ex. Agric.

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“…There is a long tradition to utilize energetic principles for calculation of the daily feed allowances of farm animals (MacEwan 1945; Bull & Carroll 1946; Lloyd et al. 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The energy requirements of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) in intensive culture

Strand

Overton

Alanärä

2011

Aquaculture Nutrition

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Fish feed constitutes one of the largest costs in aquaculture, therefore inefficient feed management will have a negative impact on fish farm economics. Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) is a relatively new candidate for freshwater aquaculture, however little is known about the energy requirements of this species. The aim of this study was to develop an energy requirement model for intensive culture of Eurasian perch reared at rational temperatures. Data on growth (the thermal unit growth coefficient, TGC, 3√g · (°C · days)−1) and digestible energy need (DEN, kJ DE · g−1) of Eurasian perch at a size range of 20–180 g and at temperatures of 17–23 °C were used. Regression analysis revealed that both TGC and DEN were affected significantly by fish size (P < 0.001) but not by temperature (P > 0.05). Two models including body size of the fish were developed: (i) an inverse TGC model for evaluation of the daily theoretical weight increment (TWi, g · day−1) and (ii) a linear DEN model. The TGC model was validated by comparing theoretical data with data obtained from a commercial growth trial. By combining the TWi and the DEN, a model describing the daily theoretical energy requirement (TER, kJ · day−1) at different temperatures and for Eurasian perch of different sizes was successfully developed.

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“…Maternal nutritional status [10][11][12][13] is a major factor implicated in development and function of the fetal organ systems. Effective nutritional [14][15][16][17][18][19] management during gestation has long been recognized as an important component of sound livestock production practices. Shamsuddin et al [20] reported that imbalance feeding has been shown to be one of the factors for high incidence of reproductive disorders in the cows, which could be alleviated by supplying improved and balanced diet.…”

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confidence: 99%

Study on Feeding Effect of Different Levels of Protein and Energy on Production Performance of Pregnant Mother and Neo-Natal Calves

Sarker¹,

Bashar²,

Mohammad³

et al. 2015

JAST-A

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The present study was undertaken to assess feeding effect on productive and reproductive performances of pre-natal and post-natal Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC) cows under on-station condition. A total of 16 pregnant RCC cows having pregnancy 6-7 months and between 1-3 parities was selected for the study and was allocated randomly into four dietary treatment groups. There are four type diets, i.e., T 0 (standard diet according to National Research Council (NRC), 1995), T 1 (5% below standard diet), T 2 (5% above standard diet), T 3 (10% above standard diet) and a control treatment T 4 (maintained as farm practice). The energy and protein requirements of experimental cows were determined as per standard developed by NRC. The results revealed that crude protein (CP) and metabolizable energy (ME, MJ/day) requirements among cows of different dietary groups were not significantly different, although CP requirements between T 1 and T 3 differed significantly. Total dry mater (DM) and ME intake differed significantly (P < 0.001) among cows of different dietary groups, but DM intake was significantly lower for cows in farm practice group T 4 compared to the cows of other dietary groups. The total CP intake had no significant variation (P > 0.05) among cows of all dietary groups, but CP intake from roughage varied significantly (P < 0.001). Final live weight and total live weight gain had no significant variation for cows of all groups, but there were significant (P < 0.05) variation for daily weight gain. Daily weight gain of cows for first four dietary groups were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than cows of farm practice groups T 4 . Weight of calf from birth to 90 days and daily weight gain calves under different dietary groups showed that there were no significant (P > 0.05) variation of calf birth weights for all dietary groups, although lower birth weight was found in farm practice groups T 4 . Gestation length and postpartum heat period of cows of different dietary treatment groups revealed that there was no significant (P > 0.05) variation for those traits among cows of different dietary treatment groups, although there seems to be shorter postpartum heat for cows in dietary group T 2 and longer period in farm practice group T 4 . Total and daily milk yield up to 30 days and 90 days of cows had no significant (P > 0.05) effect for different dietary treatment groups, although there seems to be slightly better milk production performance for dietary T 2 and T 0 , respectively for 30 days and 90 days total and daily milk yield. There were no significant (P > 0.05) changes of total and daily weight gain of cows for all dietary groups, however cows of standard dietary group T 0 performed slightly better than those of cows of other dietary groups. Milk composition of cows of different dietary treatment groups showed that there was no significant (P > 0.05) variation on milk composition for cows of different dietary groups. Post-natal body condition score (BCS) for the 1st, 3rd and 4th months differed significan...

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Principles of Feeding Farm Animals

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

The Influence of Fertilization and Cutting on a Tropical Grass-Legume Pasture

The Influence of Fertilization and Cutting on a Tropical Grass-Legume Pasture

The energy requirements of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) in intensive culture

Study on Feeding Effect of Different Levels of Protein and Energy on Production Performance of Pregnant Mother and Neo-Natal Calves

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