Principles of Light-Skin Interactions

Yang, M. F.; Tuchin, Valery V.; Yaroslavsky, Anna N.

doi:10.1007/978-1-84882-328-0_1

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 114 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Human skin is usually described as being composed of three distinct tissues, namely stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis [YTY09]. The stratum corneum and the epidermal layers (stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum and stratum basale, from the outermost to the innermost) are predominantly composed of stratified cells [AP82].…”

Section: Epithelial Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Appearance Modelling of Living Human Tissues

Nunes

Maciel

Meyer³

et al. 2019

Computer Graphics Forum

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The visual fidelity of realistic renderings in Computer Graphics depends fundamentally upon how we model the appearance of objects resulting from the interaction between light and matter reaching the eye. In this paper, we survey the research addressing appearance modelling of living human tissue. Among the many classes of natural materials already researched in Computer Graphics, living human tissues such as blood and skin have recently seen an increase in attention from graphics research. There is already an incipient but substantial body of literature on this topic, but we also lack a structured review as presented here. We introduce a classification for the approaches using the four types of human tissues as classifiers. We show a growing trend of solutions that use first principles from Physics and Biology as fundamental knowledge upon which the models are built. The organic quality of visual results provided by these Biophysical approaches is mainly determined by the optical properties of biophysical components interacting with light. Beyond just picture making, these models can be used in predictive simulations, with the potential for impact in many other areas.

show abstract

Section: Epithelial Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This adipose tissue consists mostly of fat cells that contain a number of smooth droplets of lipids whose size is larger than that of typical tissue scatterers [BGKT05]. Light reflection by these large cellular structures can contribute to the overall scattering of light within the dermis [YTY09].…”

Section: Epithelial Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Appearance Modelling of Living Human Tissues

Nunes

Maciel

Meyer³

et al. 2019

Computer Graphics Forum

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…• Skin Tone Effects: Inherent properties governing how light interacts with an individual's skin, particularly skin reflectance, impact the camera's ability to capture dynamic range and colour representation, emphasising the importance of a deeper understanding for precise skin tone estimation [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Tone Estimation under Diverse Lighting Conditions

Mbatha,

Booysen,

Theart

2024

J. Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Knowledge of a person’s level of skin pigmentation, or so-called “skin tone”, has proven to be an important building block in improving the performance and fairness of various applications that rely on computer vision. These include medical diagnosis of skin conditions, cosmetic and skincare support, and face recognition, especially for darker skin tones. However, the perception of skin tone, whether by the human eye or by an optoelectronic sensor, uses the reflection of light from the skin. The source of this light, or illumination, affects the skin tone that is perceived. This study aims to refine and assess a convolutional neural network-based skin tone estimation model that provides consistent accuracy across different skin tones under various lighting conditions. The 10-point Monk Skin Tone Scale was used to represent the skin tone spectrum. A dataset of 21,375 images was captured from volunteers across the pigmentation spectrum. Experimental results show that a regression model outperforms other models, with an estimated-to-target distance of 0.5. Using a threshold estimated-to-target skin tone distance of 2 for all lights results in average accuracy values of 85.45% and 97.16%. With the Monk Skin Tone Scale segmented into three groups, the lighter exhibits strong accuracy, the middle displays lower accuracy, and the dark falls between the two. The overall skin tone estimation achieves average error distances in the LAB space of 16.40±20.62.

show abstract

“…The working principle of applying MWPPG to skin microvasculature is based on the relation of light wavelength and skin penetration depth, discussed for example in [5,6]. In general, longer wavelength light penetrates deeper into the skin than shorter wavelength light when the wavelength is in the visible and in the beginning of the nearinfrared part of the spectrum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Wavelength Photoplethysmography Device for the Measurement of Pulse Transit Time in the Skin Microvasculature

Sirkiä

Panula

Kaisti

2020

2020 Computing in Cardiology Conference (CinC)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to develop a multiwavelength photoplethysmography (MWPPG) device for studying the skin microvasculature. Microvasculature, in general, is an important part of the cardiovascular system because of its role in microcirculation, which manages tissue nutrient and oxygen supply, and where much of the peripheral resistance occurs. The developed device utilises the fact that the penetration depth of light into the skin is depended on the light wavelength. Thus, an MWPPG device utilising multiple different wavelengths of light allows the studying of blood vessels at different depths. The device proved to produce good quality signal making it possible to compute the small time differences between the pulses measured at different wavelengths, and hence enabling the computation of pulse transit times in the skin microvasculature (PTT M). The order of the computed PTT M values are in line with the theory of how deep each wavelength of light penetrates into the skin. The results could be used in hemodynamic monitoring.

show abstract

Principles of Light-Skin Interactions

Cited by 9 publications

References 114 publications

Appearance Modelling of Living Human Tissues

Appearance Modelling of Living Human Tissues

Skin Tone Estimation under Diverse Lighting Conditions

Multi-Wavelength Photoplethysmography Device for the Measurement of Pulse Transit Time in the Skin Microvasculature

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About