Principles of physiological psychology, 1873.

Wundt, Wilhelm

doi:10.1037/11304-029

Cited by 95 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…Vincentile and ex-Gaussian analyses revealed that the semantic effects occurred throughout the latency distributions, excluding goal neglect as the cause of the effects. The results were interpreted as most consistent with the symbolic account, which was corroborated by computer simulations.Keywords: attention, computational modeling, distributional analysis, memory retrieval, word productionIn the early days of experimental psychology, Wundt (1904) criticized the now classic, associative Wernicke-Lichtheim model of word production by arguing that the retrieval of words from memory is an active goal-driven process rather than a passive associative process, as held by the model. According to Wundt, an attentional process centered in the frontal lobes of the human brain controls a word perception and production network located in perisylvian brain areas, described by the Wernicke-Lichtheim model.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dynamics of the attentional control of word retrieval: Analyses of response time distributions.

Roelofs¹

2008

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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Since W. Wundt (1904) and H. J. Watt (1906), researchers have found no agreement on how goals direct word retrieval. A prevailing associative account (E. K. Miller & J. D. Cohen, 2001) holds that goals bias association strength, which determines retrieval latency and whether irrelevant words interfere. A symbolic account (A. Roelofs, 2003) holds that goals enable retrieval rules and predicts no strict dependence of interference on latency. Here, 3 chronometric experiments in which the role of relative retrieval latency was investigated through distributional analyses, following Watt, are reported. Participants verbally categorized picture-word pairs that were semantically related or unrelated, or they categorized single pictures or words. The pairs yielded semantic latency effects in both word and picture categorizing, although single words were categorized slower than single pictures. Semantic effects occurred in word categorizing even when postexposure of the pictures compensated for the difference in categorizing latency. Vincentile and ex-Gaussian analyses revealed that the semantic effects occurred throughout the latency distributions, excluding goal neglect as the cause of the effects. The results were interpreted as most consistent with the symbolic account, which was corroborated by computer simulations.Keywords: attention, computational modeling, distributional analysis, memory retrieval, word productionIn the early days of experimental psychology, Wundt (1904) criticized the now classic, associative Wernicke-Lichtheim model of word production by arguing that the retrieval of words from memory is an active goal-driven process rather than a passive associative process, as held by the model. According to Wundt, an attentional process centered in the frontal lobes of the human brain controls a word perception and production network located in perisylvian brain areas, described by the Wernicke-Lichtheim model. Whereas Wundt examined goal-driven processes in perception, Watt (1906) experimentally investigated goal-directed word retrieval. Successful realization of task-relevant associations, he demonstrated, cannot simply be the result of passive associations between stimuli and word responses. Instead, task goals play a vital role in determining the direction of the retrieval process. A century later, however, it is still a hotly debated issue how exactly goals direct word retrieval processes.The work reported in the present article is intended to shed light on the role of one factor in the word retrieval process, namely, relative retrieval latency. I begin by briefly describing the classic study of Watt (1906) and the seminal theoretical accounts of Selz (1913) and Müller (1913). Next, I discuss current theories of the control of word retrieval, which are descendents of these early theoretical ideas. I then present three chronometric experiments on categorizing pictures and words that examined the relative merits of two theories, namely, the associative account of Cohen, Dunbar, and McClelland (1990) and ...

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confidence: 99%

Dynamics of the attentional control of word retrieval: Analyses of response time distributions.

Roelofs¹

2008

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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“…In a view that parallels Wundt's theories [19][22], in his seminal 1956 book Life and Human Habitat, Neutra argues that, various and intimate are the nerve connections between the emotional tract of the thalamus, the middle brain, and those highly developed associations of the cerebral cortex, the sensory reactions, the muscle activations, and the secretion of internal glands, all of which in integration have deep meaning to our life and determine psychosomatic rhythm, tempo, and intensity. [23 p22] From this conceptual foundation, Neutra developed the proposition that the human body is a responsive system and that certain sensory experiences will elicit immediate and predictable excitation reactions.…”

Section: Ocular-centric Phenomenologymentioning

confidence: 95%

The Modern Interior and the Excitation Response: Richard Neutra’s Ocular-centric Phenomenology

Ostwald¹,

Henderson²

2012

ARCH

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While typically characterised as a canonical Modernist, Richard Neutra's design theory repeatedly refers to the central role played in his architecture by the works of experimental psychologist Wilhelm Wundt. In the late Nineteenth Century Wundt used laboratory experiments to demonstrate that human responses to sensory stimuli were both immediate and predictable. Despite Wundt's importance in many fields, architectural scholars have tended to disregard Neutra's fascination with Wundt's complex physiological and biological theories. However, this paper revisits Neutra's design theory, accepting, prima facie, his belief in the causal relationship between physiology and psychology to suggest an alternative reading of his architecture. By tracing the influence of Wundt's ideas on Neutra's design theory, the paper identifies a singular ocular-centric, phenomenological tendency in the resultant architecture. The implications of this approach are then considered in the context of three facets of Neutra's domestic architecture in general and the Kaufmann Desert House in particular. Computer models and diagrammatic analysis are used to support this reading of Wundt's influence on Neutra's design.

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“…This latter requisite for validation was articulated in the 19 th century, positing, for example, that psychological constructs should be based on observable and measurable phenomena (18). AA, in contrast, derives from internal, subjective experiences, ones difficult to subject to empirical validation.…”

Section: Two Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining medically assisted treatment and Twelve-Step programming: a perspective and review

Galanter

2017

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

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Background: People with severe substance use disorders require long-term rehabilitative care after the initial treatment. There is, however, a deficit in the availability of such care. This may be due both to inadequate medical coverage and insufficient use of community-based Twelve-Step programs in many treatment facilities. In order to address this deficit, rehabilitative care for severe substance use disorders could be promoted through collaboration between practitioners of medically assisted treatment, employing medications, and Twelve-Step-oriented practitioners. Objective: To describe the limitations and benefits in applying biomedical approaches and Twelve-Step resources in the rehabilitation of persons with severe substance use disorders; and to assess how the two approaches can be employed together to improve clinical outcome. Method: Empirical literature focusing on clinical and manpower issues is reviewed with regard (a) to limitations in available treatment options in ambulatory and residential addiction treatment facilities for persons with severe substance use disorders, (b) problems of long-term rehabilitation particular to opioid-dependent persons, associated with the limitations of pharmacologic approaches, (c) the relative effectiveness of biomedical and Twelve-Step approaches in the clinical context, and (d) the potential for enhanced use of these approaches, singly and in combination, to address perceived deficits. Results: The biomedical and Twelve-Step-oriented approaches are based on differing theoretical and empirically grounded models. Research-based opportunities are reviewed for improving addiction rehabilitation resources with enhanced collaboration between practitioners of these two potentially complementary practice models. This can involve medications for both acute and chronic treatment for substances for which such medications are available, and Twelve-Step-based support for abstinence and long-term rehabilitation. Clinical and Scientific Significance: Criteria for developing evidence-based approaches for combined treatment should be developed, and research for evidence-based treatment on this basis can be undertaken in order to develop improved clinical outcome.

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Principles of physiological psychology, 1873.

Cited by 95 publications

References 0 publications

Dynamics of the attentional control of word retrieval: Analyses of response time distributions.

Dynamics of the attentional control of word retrieval: Analyses of response time distributions.

The Modern Interior and the Excitation Response: Richard Neutra’s Ocular-centric Phenomenology

Combining medically assisted treatment and Twelve-Step programming: a perspective and review

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