Printability and mechanical performance of biomedical PDMS-PEEK composites developed for material extrusion

Smith, James A.; Li, Simin; Mele, Elisa; Goulas, Athanasios; Engstrøm, Daniel S.; Silberschmidt, Vadim V.

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104291

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…PDMS is the most widely used silicone based on organic polymers that presents the characteristics of a transparent, flexible compound with biocompatibility properties [ 5 ]. As such, they are used in various applications and can be found in daily use in products such as synthetic fibers, plastic bags, paints, lenses, glues, and biomedical devices [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. In addition, the polymeric industry has grown quickly and nowadays is one of the biggest industries [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polydimethylsiloxane Composites Characterization and Its Applications: A Review

et al. 2021

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Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is one of the most promising elastomers due its remarkable proprieties such as good thermal stability, biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, flexibility, low cost, ease of use, chemically inertia, hyperplastic characteristics, and gas permeability. Thus, it can be used in areas such as microfluidic systems, biomedical devices, electronic components, membranes for filtering and pervaporation, sensors, and coatings. Although pure PDMS has low mechanical properties, such as low modulus of elasticity and strength, it can be improved by mixing the PDMS with other polymers and by adding particles or reinforcements. Fiber-reinforced PDMS has proved to be a good alternative to manufacturing flexible displays, batteries, wearable devices, tactile sensors, and energy harvesting systems. PDMS and particulates are often used in the separation of liquids from wastewater by means of porosity followed by hydrophobicity. Waxes such as beeswax and paraffin have proved to be materials capable of improving properties such as the hydrophobic, corrosion-resistant, thermal, and optical properties of PDMS. Finally, when blended with polymers such as poly (vinyl chloride-co-vinyl acetate), PDMS becomes a highly efficient alternative for membrane separation applications. However, to the best of our knowledge there are few works dedicated to the review and comparison of different PDMS composites. Hence, this review will be focused on PDMS composites, their respective applications, and properties. Generally, the combination of elastomer with fibers, particles, waxes, polymers, and others it will be discussed, with the aim of producing a review that demonstrates the wide applications of this material and how tailored characteristics can be reached for custom applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polydimethylsiloxane Composites Characterization and Its Applications: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…PEEK has excellent mechanical properties, with its Young’s modulus of 3.6 GPa and tensile strength of 100 MPa [ 151 ]. Studies have made composite printing of PEEK with different contents with other materials, which can improve the mechanical strength of the printing scaffold and realize the specific customization of specific tissues in the human body [ 152 ]. In the past, metal materials were often used for tissue replacement due to the high-intensity movement of the mandible.…”

Section: Polymer Materials Of 3d-printed Bone Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling of Advances in 3D-Printed Polymer-Based Bone Scaffolds

et al. 2022

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The repair of large-area irregular bone defects is one of the complex problems in orthopedic clinical treatment. The bone repair scaffolds currently studied include electrospun membrane, hydrogel, bone cement, 3D printed bone tissue scaffolds, etc., among which 3D printed polymer-based scaffolds Bone scaffolds are the most promising for clinical applications. This is because 3D printing is modeled based on the im-aging results of actual bone defects so that the printed scaffolds can perfectly fit the bone defect, and the printed components can be adjusted to promote Osteogenesis. This review introduces a variety of 3D printing technologies and bone healing processes, reviews previous studies on the characteristics of commonly used natural or synthetic polymers, and clinical applications of 3D printed bone tissue scaffolds, analyzes and elaborates the characteristics of ideal bone tissue scaffolds, from t he progress of 3D printing bone tissue scaffolds were summarized in many aspects. The challenges and potential prospects in this direction were discussed.

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“…After the essential heating process to improve the interaction of the mixture with the PDMS, the multifunctional vacuum chamber must be able to agitate the mixture so that it becomes homogeneous more quickly. Since these processes are carried out in different stages that are not simultaneous due to the unavailability of equipment [36,[52][53][54]. The difficulty of the process defines that the mixture is manually agitated without speed control and agitation uniformity, thus having the delay and low efficiency of the process.…”

Section: Effect Mixermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the mixtures should be agitated for a better distribution of the mixture and also more quickly. However, this agitation is often done manually due to the lack of equipment, simple or sophisticated, or even use some type of equipment for this step; however, it is a piece of high-cost equipment, not being convenient and available for all researchers [33][34][35][36]. Ffinally, to remove the air bubbles from the previous stirring step, as these two steps are not usually carried out simultaneously, it takes longer to remove the bubbles from the mixture, as the surface tension of the PDMS is high and it has not let them out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Cost Multifunctional Vacuum Chamber for Manufacturing PDMS Based Composites

et al. 2022

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Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is one of the best known elastomers and has been used in several areas of activity, due to its excellent characteristics and properties, such as biocompatibility, flexibility, optical transparency and chemical stability. Furthermore, PDMS modified with other materials promotes the desired changes to broaden its range of applications in various fields of science. However, the heating, mixing and degassing steps of the manufacturing process have not received much attention in recent years when it comes to blending with solid materials. For instance, PDMS has been extensively studied in combination with waxes, which are frequently in a solid state at room temperature and as a result the interaction and manufacturing process are extremely complex and can compromise the desired material. Thus, in this work it is proposed a multifunctional vacuum chamber (MVC) with the aim to improve and accelerate the manufacturing process of PDMS composites combined with additives, blends and different kinds of solid materials. The MVC developed in this work allows to control the mixing speed parameters, temperature control and internal pressure. In addition, it is a low cost equipment and can be used for other possible modifications with different materials and processes with the ability to control those parameters. As a result, samples fabricated by using the MVC can achieve a time improvement over 133% at the heating and mixing step and approximately 200% at the last degassing step. Regarding the complete manufacturing process, it is possible to achieve an improvement over 150%, when compared with the conventional manufacturing process. When compared to maximum tensile strength, specimens manufactured using the MVC have shown a 39% and 65% improvement in maximum strain. The samples have also shown a 9% improvement in transparency at room temperature and 12% at a temperature of about 75 °C. It should be noted that the proposed MVC can be used for other blends and manufacturing processes where it is desirable to control the temperature, agitation speed and pressure.

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Printability and mechanical performance of biomedical PDMS-PEEK composites developed for material extrusion

Cited by 17 publications

References 68 publications

Polydimethylsiloxane Composites Characterization and Its Applications: A Review

Polydimethylsiloxane Composites Characterization and Its Applications: A Review

Unraveling of Advances in 3D-Printed Polymer-Based Bone Scaffolds

Low-Cost Multifunctional Vacuum Chamber for Manufacturing PDMS Based Composites

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