Printed embedded data graphical user interfaces

Hecht, David L.

doi:10.1109/2.910893

Cited by 60 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…3 and 4, is considered as a watermark embedded into character images but differs from the conventional watermarks in the robustness to distortion. DataGlyph [7], [8] and the trial in [9] embed data by controlling texture or local shape of the character stroke and thus are considered as watermarks on the stroke area. Since they are fine watermarks and not suitable for camera-based acquisition but for scannerbased.…”

Section: Ocr/micr Fontsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data Embedding into Characters

Kise

Omachi

Uchida

et al. 2015

IEICE Trans. Inf. ^|^ Syst.

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SUMMARYThis paper reviews several trials of re-designing conventional communication medium, i.e., characters, for enriching their functions by using data-embedding techniques. For example, characters are redesigned to have better machine-readability even under various geometric distortions by embedding a geometric invariant into each character image to represent class label of the character. Another example is to embed various information into handwriting trajectory by using a new pen device, called a data-embedding pen. An experimental result showed that we can embed 32-bit information into a handwritten line of 5 cm length by using the pen device. In addition to those applications, we also discuss the relationship between data-embedding and pattern recognition in a theoretical point of view. Several theories tell that if we have appropriate supplementary information by data-embedding, we can enhance pattern recognition performance up to 100%.

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Section: Ocr/micr Fontsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data Embedding into Characters

Kise

Omachi

Uchida

et al. 2015

IEICE Trans. Inf. ^|^ Syst.

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“…Embedding in orientation provides robustness against the variations in printing and scanning systems, which preserve shapes and therefore orientation (within resolution limits) but are subject to tonal variations in gray levels across devices and over time, which can adversely impact the detection accuracy for encoding in color gray values [3][4][5][6]. Dataglyphs [7,8] share similar motivation but in their color instantiation use the same orientations for the different channels and therefore offer no data rate improvements with color. They also differ in that they use correlation instead of image moments for detection, requiring finer alignment/synchronization.…”

Section: Per-colorantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because barcodes consume precious spatial "real-estate" on physical media, high capacity barcodes that increase the information density per unit area are highly desirable. Recently the latitude offered by color reproduction has been actively studied to increase the capacity of monochrome barcodes [3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved color barcodes via Expectation Maximization style interference cancellation

Bulan

Sharma

2012

2012 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

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Encoding data independently in cyan, magenta, and yellow (CMY) print colorant channels with detection in complementary Red, green, and blue (RGB) image capture channels offers an attractive framework for extending monochrome barcodes to color with increased data rates. The undesired absorption of colorants in regions of spectral sensitivity of the noncomplementary capture channels, however, gives rise to cross-channel color interference that significantly deteriorates the performance of the color barcode system. In this paper, we propose an Expectation Maximization (EM) style algorithm to estimate and cancel this color interference and improve the overall performance of the barcode system. Our method utilizes a physical model for print-capture process where the model parameters vary depending on printer, capture device, and illumination. We estimate the model parameters using an iterative EM-style approach and obtain an estimate of CMY colorant channels from the scanned RGB barcode by using the estimated model parameters. Our experimental results show that the proposed method mitigates the effect of color interference and significantly reduces the bit error rates for the recovered data.

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“…The DataGlyph, a type of 2-D matrix barcode, was developed at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center [6,7]. It can encode more data than a 1-D barcode and has an extremely high data density for a 2-D barcode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Grayscale Reader for Camera Images of Xerox DataGlyphs

Moravec¹

2002

Procedings of the British Machine Vision Conference 2002

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Xerox DataGlyph technology is a 2-D matrix barcode encoding which combines relatively high data density with an error correction scheme and an unobtrusive format. Some of the more exciting applications proposed for this technology involve the decoding of unconstrained camera images of DataGlyphs. This paper details a set of grayscale methods including steered gradient filters and the Radon transform which can decode many unconstrained camera images. This method has been successfully tested on nearly ¾¼¼ camera images with very good results.

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Printed embedded data graphical user interfaces

Cited by 60 publications

References 8 publications

Data Embedding into Characters

Data Embedding into Characters

Improved color barcodes via Expectation Maximization style interference cancellation

A Grayscale Reader for Camera Images of Xerox DataGlyphs

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