Printed Microwave Metamaterial-Antenna Circuitries on Nickel Oxide Polymerized Palm Fiber Substrates

Abstract

In this paper, the novelty of exploring the applications of the Iraqi Palm Tree Remnants (IPTR) mixed with Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles (NONP) hosted in Polyethylene (PE), called INP substrates, is utilized by printing metamaterial (MTM) based high gain microwave antennas on them. The proposed INP substrates are mainly created from pressed flexible organic fibers to suite the ink jet printing technologies. The complex relative constitutive parameters are characterized in terms of permittivity (ε) and permeability (μ) within the frequency range from 2 GHz up to 6 GHz using an open end dielectric probe and a T-stub transmission line technique. To validate the feasibility of the INP substrates, a very fine antenna structure of based a miniaturized Hilbert MTM based dipoles is printed on. A material printer with Sliver Nanoparticles Conductive Ink (SNPCI) is used to print the antenna structure. Commercial software packages, CST Microwave Studio (MWS) and Ansys High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS), are used to simulate the proposed antenna based on the measured constitutive parameters. A negligible difference is found between the measured and simulated results. Finally, an attractive effect on the retrieved constitutive parameters of the proposed MTM is found due to the proposed INP substrate.

On the design of a reject band filter for antennas mutual coupling reduction

“…Multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) systems are expected to play a major role in the future telecommunication technologies in which the data rate, reliability, quality, and channel capacity maybe increased . Nevertheless, MIMO systems mitigate the effects of the multipath fading . However, the mutual coupling reduction between adjacent antennas separated with less than λ/2 at the operating frequency is one of the most urgent challenges in the modern MIMO designs .…”

“…1 Nevertheless, MIMO systems mitigate the effects of the multipath fading. 2 However, the mutual coupling reduction between adjacent antennas separated with less than λ/2 at the operating frequency is one of the most urgent challenges in the modern MIMO designs. 3 Such coupling reduction in MIMO systems may enhance the corresponding antenna impedance and radiation properties.…”

Novel miniaturized folded UWB microstrip antenna‐based metamaterial for RF energy harvesting

“…Therefore, it is concluded that the effective substrate thickness varies with respect to the incident plane wave, where the substrate thickness at the patch center is less than at the patch edges. Moreover, the defection from cylindrical objects provides different surface propagation from the patch edges …”

“…In Ahmed and Elwi, MTM‐based microstrip antenna was proposed for wireless sensing. While in Elwi, MTM inclusions were conducted to reduce the effects of absorbed energy by human tissues from portable devices. Later, nano‐scale structures are conducted as another frontier to realize the ability of printing novel antenna circuities for different modern wireless applications In Elwi and Ahmed, the use of nanoparticle conductive ink to fabricate microstrip antennas was convinced.…”

Monitoring the Dielectric Properties and Propagation Conditions of Mortar for Modern Wireless Mobile Networks

“…The full two ports calibration involves the measurements of open, short, and 50 Ω load standards for both ports, followed by a through standard, simply achieved by directly connecting the two supporting cables for each port. In the curing time measurements, the mortar sample is placed (horizontally) in between a pair of lens horn antennas to avoid any diffraction from the edges of the sample [9]. For this, the sample area is chosen to be of size 28 × 28 cm 2 .…”