Printed temperature sensor based on self-doped conducting polymers

Beaumont, Catherine; Lapointe, Rosalie; Beaupré, Patrick; Trudeau, Charles-Philippe; Bouch, Nolwenn Le; Leclerc, Mario

doi:10.1088/2058-8585/ac9e65

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The combination of PEDOT and PSS polymers may lead to decreased stability over time due to potential polymer separation. However, P2, a self-doped conducting polymer, has been reported to exhibit better stability than PEDOT:PSS under extreme conditions such as high humidity levels, as demonstrated by Beaumont et al…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For instance, a rollable display, which represents the ultimate form of flexible displays, requires a 5–10 mm bending radius of curvature . Beaumont et al reported that a printed thermistor with a P2 self-doped conducting polymer remained stable and exhibited no visible differences or significant changes in resistance after a flexibility test involving bending over a 2 mm radius, a result that demonstrates the suitability of P2 films for applications in flexible electronics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we investigated a water-processable self-doped polythiophene-based HIL polymer (P2) to evaluate its performance and compatibility for large-area, air-processed, slot-die-coated flexible OLEDs. − The slot-die-coated P2 film exhibited excellent uniformity, a smooth surface with a root-mean-square roughness of 1.4 nm and a high transmittance of 90% across the visible range. The P2 film was employed as an HIL in a four-layer slot-die-coated flexible OLED on a 2 cm × 30 cm indium–tin oxide (ITO)-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate under ambient conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water-Processable Self-Doped Hole-Injection Layer for Large-Area, Air-Processed, Slot-Die-Coated Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Gasonoo,

Beaumont,

Hoff

et al. 2023

Chem. Mater.

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Hole-injection layers (HILs) play a pivotal role in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by enabling the efficient injection of positive charge carriers (holes) into the active layer, thus facilitating light emission. This research paper focuses on enhancing the processability and performance of solution-processed HILs in OLEDs by utilizing a water-processable self-doped polymer, P2. The P2 film, deposited via slot-die coating, exhibits exceptional uniformity, high transmittance (85%) across the visible spectrum, and a smooth surface (with a root-mean-square roughness of 1.4 nm) comparable to state-of-the-art poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films. The P2 HIL in a four-layer OLED structure, consisting of a PET/ITO/HIL/hole transport layer (HTL)/emissive layer (EML)/electron transport layer (ETL)/Ag, with poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) as the HTL, Super Yellow (SY) as the EML, and poly((9,9-bis(3′-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)) (PFN) as the ETL, demonstrates enhanced hole injection and transport properties. Flexible OLEDs incorporating P2 HILs, fabricated and tested under ambient conditions on a large-area (4 × 40 mm) indium–tin oxide (ITO)-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, demonstrate a maximum current efficiency of 1.24 cd/A, surpassing devices with PEDOT:PSS HILs by 82%. Moreover, a significant 50% reduction in turn-on voltage is observed compared with analogous devices using a PEDOT:PSS layer. This work contributes to the advancement of the OLED technology for various commercial optoelectronic applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Water-Processable Self-Doped Hole-Injection Layer for Large-Area, Air-Processed, Slot-Die-Coated Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Gasonoo,

Beaumont,

Hoff

et al. 2023

Chem. Mater.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[ 5 , 6 , 7 ], with low material consumption and almost zero waste [ 8 ]. It is effective for the fabrication of a variety of complex electronic components and devices such as: sensors (gas [ 9 , 10 ], temperature [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], and humidity [ 14 , 15 ]), microheaters [ 16 , 17 , 18 ], energy harvesters, capacitors, FETs, etc. [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Single and Multipass f–rGO Inkjet-Printed Structures with Various Concentrations: Electrical and Thermal Evaluation

Apostolakis

Barmpakos

Pilatis

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is a derivative of graphene, which has been widely used as the conductive pigment of many water-based inks and is recognized as one of the most promising graphene-based materials for large-scale and low-cost production processes. In this work, we evaluate a custom functionalised reduced graphene oxide ink (f–rGO) via inkjet-printing technology. Test line structures were designed and fabricated by the inkjet printing process using the f–rGO ink on a pretreated polyimide substrate. For the electrical characterisation of these devices, two-point (2P) and four-point (4P) probe measurements were implemented. The results showed a major effect of the number of printed passes on the resulting resistance for all ink concentrations in both 2P and 4P cases. Interesting results can be extracted by comparing the obtained multipass resistance values that results to similar effective concentration with less passes. These measurements can provide the ground to grasp the variation in resistance values due to the different ink concentrations, and printing passes and can provide a useful guide in achieving specific resistance values with adequate precision. Accompanying topography measurements have been conducted with white-light interferometry. Furthermore, thermal characterisation was carried out to evaluate the operation of the devices as temperature sensors and heaters. It has been found that ink concentration and printing passes directly influence the performance of both the temperature sensors and heaters.

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“…Advances in the emerging paradigm called the 'Internet of Things' (IoT) [1,2] requires the widespread integration, deployment and adoption of economically produced sensors capable of monitoring performance metrics related to local weather patterns, personalized healthcare and public safety among others. In particular, temperature sensitive [3,4] and thermally stable electronic materials [5][6][7] find extensive use in sensor assemblies deployed in variable temperature applications as active sensing elements and interconnects respectively. In fact, the temperature sensing market is one of the fastest growing with a projected market value of USD 8 billion by 2028 (USD 5.9 billion in 2021) at a compounded annual growth rate of 4.5% from 2021 to 2028 [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating polythiophenes as temperature sensing materials using combinatorial inkjet printing

Roy

Beaumont

Leclerc

et al. 2023

Flex. Print. Electron.

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Polythiophenes comprise a class of emerging materials with potential applications in the field of temperature sensing. In this article, we validate and apply an integrated blending and printing methodology to combinatorially study libraries of pristine and compositionally graded blends of polythiophenes PEDOT:PSS and P(S-EDOT) (a PEDOT-like self-doped conjugated polymer) to understand their intrinsic electrical conductivity behaviour and along with its temperature dependence on blend composition and ambient temperature. Hypothesis testing is conducted to identify optima in electrical conductivity from combinations of input material proportions intended to meet multiple requirements otherwise difficult to achieve in any single-component solution-processable material. We chose PEDOT:PSS as a commercial developed intrinsically conductive polythiophene and with it, compared a novel self-doped polythiophene P(S-EDOT) as its potential replacement or complement as a sensor material. The electrical and morphological characteristics for both polymers and their blends were investigated for use as different components of temperature sensing applications. Different error sources within the process flow were accounted for to draw statistically significant conclusions regarding the utility of different compositions for different aspects of temperature sensing.

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Printed temperature sensor based on self-doped conducting polymers

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Water-Processable Self-Doped Hole-Injection Layer for Large-Area, Air-Processed, Slot-Die-Coated Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Water-Processable Self-Doped Hole-Injection Layer for Large-Area, Air-Processed, Slot-Die-Coated Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Study of Single and Multipass f–rGO Inkjet-Printed Structures with Various Concentrations: Electrical and Thermal Evaluation

Evaluating polythiophenes as temperature sensing materials using combinatorial inkjet printing

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