“…Graphene is defined as a single-atom flat monolayer made of sp 2 -hybridized ‘honeycomb’ carbon lattice [ 1 – 3 ]. During the past two decades, scientists have discovered numerous unique properties of graphene such as high optical performance [ 4 ], high charge carriers mobility (due to electric field effect) [ 5 ] and thermal conductivity [ 6 ], and demonstrated a significant number of potential applications for this material in its ‘gold rush’ years [ 2 , 7 ], covering different areas including field emission [ 8 , 9 ], gas and biosensors [ 10 , 11 ], field-effect transistors [ 5 ], transparent electrodes [ 4 , 12 ], coatings [ 1 ], batteries [ 13 , 14 ] and printed electronics [ 15 , 16 ]. However, the progress of the devices mentioned above relies upon large-scale industrial production of graphene, which remains a major challenge [ 12 ].…”