Prior exercise increases phosphorylation of Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) in rat skeletal muscle

Arias, Edward B.; Kim, Jung-Hoon; Funai, Katsuhiko; Cartee, Gregory D.

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00602.2006

Cited by 104 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Studies of biopsies from mixed-fibertype muscles in humans (vastus lateralis and quadriceps femoris; Refs. 51 and 54) and in isolated muscles comprising predominantly type I fibers (soleus) or type II fibers (epitrochlearis) in mice and rats (2,12,18) have similarly reported a lack of effect of acute exercise on insulin-stimulated Akt serine phosphorylation. Together with the present results obtained in ovine M. semimembranosus, which comprises predominantly type II muscle fibers (1,32), this suggests that the lack of exercise effect on insulin-stimulated Akt serine phosphorylation is common to different muscle fiber types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Acute exercise increases insulin sensitivity in adult sheep: a new preclinical model

McConell

Kaur

Falcão-Tebas

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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In healthy humans and rodents, chronic and acute exercise improves subsequent insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle. A large animal species with similar metabolic responses to exercise would permit longitudinal studies, including repeated biopsies of muscle and other tissues not possible in rodents, and enable study of interactions with insulin-resistant physiological states not feasible in humans. Therefore, we examined whether acute exercise increases insulin sensitivity in adult sheep. Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (HEC) in mature female sheep (n ϭ 7). Sheep were familiarized to treadmill walking and then performed an acute exercise bout (30 min, 8% slope, up to 4.4 km/h). A second HEC was conducted ϳ18 h after the acute exercise. Musculus semimembranosus biopsies were obtained before and after each HEC. Glucose infusion rate during the HEC increased 40% (P ϭ 0.003) and insulin sensitivity (glucose infusion rate/plasma insulin concentration) increased 32% (P ϭ 0.028) after acute exercise. Activation of proximal insulin signaling in skeletal muscle after the HEC, measured as Ser 473 phosphorylation of Akt, increased approximately five-fold in response to insulin (P Ͻ 0.001) and was unaltered by acute exercise performed 18 h earlier. PGC1␣ and GLUT4 protein, glycogen content and citrate synthase activity in skeletal muscle did not change in response to insulin or exercise. In conclusion, improved insulin sensitivity and unchanged proximal insulin signaling on the day after acute exercise in sheep are consistent with responses in humans and rodents, suggesting that the sheep is an appropriate large-animal model in which to study responses to exercise. exercise; insulin sensitivity; muscle; sheep REGULAR EXERCISE TRAINING increases insulin-stimulated whole body and skeletal muscle glucose uptake in humans, in healthy individuals as well as in those who have Type 2 diabetes (T2D) or are obese or aged (reviewed by Refs. 14, 31, 45). Increased expression of hexokinase 2, some insulin signaling proteins and GLUT4, and greater insulin-induced vasodilation are implicated as mechanisms for enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake after training (14,31,45). Exercise training probably acts mainly at distal sites to increase glucose uptake, with the balance of evidence, suggesting that proximal insulin signaling is not upregulated (14, 38). Importantly, a single bout of exercise also increases the insulin sensitivity of glucose uptake during the following 4 -48 h in healthy humans (34,46,52,54,55). Similar effects have been demonstrated in rodents, where an acute exercise bout increases in vitro insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in mouse muscle 85 min after exercise (18) and in rat muscle collected 3-16 h after a single bout of exercise (8,15,19,43,44). Available evidence from studies in humans and rodents suggests that acute exercise, like exercise training, increases insulin sensitivity without changes in proximal insulin signaling (reviewed in Ref. 31).A large animal model with...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Acute exercise increases insulin sensitivity in adult sheep: a new preclinical model

McConell

Kaur

Falcão-Tebas

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…The mechanism we propose may contribute to alterations in insulin sensitivity that occur independent of insulin signaling effects on IRS-1, Akt, and/or AS160/Tbc1D4 (73)(74)(75). The data also suggest how insulin resistance may result from altered subcellular GLUT4 localization in fat or muscle from fasting individuals or in unstimulated cells (5,7,8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetylation of TUG Protein Promotes the Accumulation of GLUT4 Glucose Transporters in an Insulin-responsive Intracellular Compartment

Belman

Bian²,

Habtemichael³

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Insulin stimulates glucose uptake by triggering TUG proteolysis, which liberates intracellular storage vesicles containing GLUT4. Results: TUG acetylation modulates its interaction with Golgi matrix proteins and enhances its function to trap GLUT4 storage vesicles within unstimulated cells. SIRT2 modulates TUG acetylation and controls insulin sensitivity in vivo. Conclusion: TUG acetylation promotes GLUT4 accumulation in insulin-responsive vesicles. Significance: Nutritional status modulates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake.

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“…The beneficial effects of acute exercise on glucose homeostasis are, at least in part, due to increased phosphorylation and activation of Akt (Arias et al 2007). Thus, we evaluated the protein expression of p-Akt in several tissues of all groups.…”

Section: Effects Of Acute Exercise On P-akt and P-ampk Protein Expresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute exercise restores insulin clearance in diet-induced obese mice

Kurauti

Costa-Júnior

Ferreira

et al. 2016

Journal of Endocrinology

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The aim of this study was to investigate the insulin clearance in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice submitted to acute endurance exercise (3h of treadmill exercise at 60–70% VO2max). Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in isolated islets; ipGTT; ipITT; ipPTT;in vivoinsulin clearance; protein expression in liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue (insulin degrading enzyme (IDE), insulin receptor subunitβ(IRβ), phospho-Akt (p-Akt) and phospho-AMPK (p-AMPK)), and the activity of IDE in the liver and skeletal muscle were accessed. In DIO mice, acute exercise reduced fasting glycemia and insulinemia, improved glucose and insulin tolerance, reduced hepatic glucose production, and increased p-Akt protein levels in liver and skeletal muscle and p-AMPK protein levels in skeletal muscle. In addition, insulin secretion was reduced, whereas insulin clearance and the expression of IDE and IRβ were increased in liver and skeletal muscle. Finally, IDE activity was increased only in skeletal muscle. In conclusion, we propose that the increased insulin clearance and IDE expression and activity, primarily, in skeletal muscle, constitute an additional mechanism, whereby physical exercise reduces insulinemia in DIO mice.

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Prior exercise increases phosphorylation of Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) in rat skeletal muscle

Cited by 104 publications

References 49 publications

Acute exercise increases insulin sensitivity in adult sheep: a new preclinical model

Acute exercise increases insulin sensitivity in adult sheep: a new preclinical model

Acetylation of TUG Protein Promotes the Accumulation of GLUT4 Glucose Transporters in an Insulin-responsive Intracellular Compartment

Acute exercise restores insulin clearance in diet-induced obese mice

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