Priority focus areas for a sub-national response to climate change and health: A South African provincial case study

Godsmark, Christie Nicole; Irlam, James; Merwe, Frances van der; New, Mark; Rother, Hanna-Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.035

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 143 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The present study was conducted in the Western Cape, South Africa, which is experiencing acute pressure from climate change. The Western Cape hit by an extreme drought between 2016 and 2018 that impacted profoundly on the water availability for domestic and agricultural use while reducing crop yields and changing pest patterns (Godsmark et al., 2018; Zwane, 2019). Therefore, this study aim was to investigating the occurrence of pesticide mixtures using passive water sampling systems in three watersheds during the drought year in 2017 and 2018 in South Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variation of pesticide mixtures in rivers of three agricultural watersheds during a major drought in the Western Cape, South Africa

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

South Africa is the leading pesticide user in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, little is known about the occurrence of pesticide mixtures in surface water and potential environmental risks in Africa.This study investigated the occurrence of pesticides mixtures in three watersheds during a drought year in South Africa. The study was conducted in the Krom River, Berg River and Hex River watersheds within larger agriculture systems in the Western Cape. Pesticide spray records were collected from 38 farms. A total of 21 passive water samplers (styrenedivinylbenzene disks (SDB)) were deployed, each for two weeks per month, over seven sampling rounds during the main pesticide application period between July 2017 and January 2018. Samples were analyzed for 248 pesticide compounds using LC-HR-MS/MS. Pesticide occurrence was analyzed for temporal agreement with pesticide spraying events (Cohen’s κ) and correlation with rainfall patterns and river discharge (Pearson correlation (rp)). Pesticide time-weighted average concentrations were estimated and compared to environmental quality standards (EQS). According to the farm spray records, 96 different pesticides were sprayed during the sampling period and differed considerably between the three study areas, seasons and crops grown. In total, 53 compounds were detected in river water. We detected 39% of compounds from the spraying records and demonstrated close temporal correlations of seasonal patterns for 11 pesticide compounds between reported on spraying records and observations in the streams (κ = 0.90). However, 23 detected pesticides were not found on spray records, many of them being herbicides. Most of the estimated two-week average pesticide concentrations were below 40 ng/L. The insecticides imidacloprid, thiacloprid, chlorpyrifos and acetamiprid and the herbicide terbuthylazine exceeded at least once their EQS 58-fold (EQS 13 ng/L), 12-fold (EQS 10 ng/L), 9-fold (EQS 0.46 ng/L), 5-fold (EQS 24 ng/L) and 3-fold (EQS 220 ng/L), respectively. Our study substantially widens the view on pesticide pollution in surface water compared to previous studies in Sub-Saharan Africa by targeting more than 200 pesticides using passive sampling systems. This broad assessment revealed the presence of 53 compounds, some of them in high concentrations, indicating possible adverse effects on biota and the quality of the ecosystem. Whether the observed concentration levels in the year 2017 were exceptional due to the lowest ever recorded rainfall and river discharge needs to be tested with additional data to better understand how pesticide pollution levels manifest under average rainfall and river discharge conditions.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variation of pesticide mixtures in rivers of three agricultural watersheds during a major drought in the Western Cape, South Africa

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Land changes and excessive density can increase the vulnerability of disasters and endanger public health. Urban construction contributes to the flow of water over a waterproof landscape that can exacerbate flooding and spread pollutants [41].…”

Section: Multivariate Analysis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The source of potential pollution and diarrhea on toodlers at populous area (a study at Johar Baru Subdistrict, Central Jakarta)

Fitri¹,

Kusnoputranto²,

Soesilo³

2020

E3S Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Indonesia still faces some challenges in the field of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) especially in Jakarta. Environmental disease such as diarrhea becomes the cause of death on toddlers in Indonesia. The region with the most cases of diarrhea is Johar Baru Subdistrict with proportion 17% of all Subdistricts in Central Jakarta area and becomes the region with the most populous place in Jakarta. This analysis aims to determine the source of potential pollution of diarrhea in Johar Baru Subdistrict. The research method used was cross sectional study design. The research results show that mothers’ education, the habit of washing the hand by using soap, family income, type of clean water sources, facility of waste disposal, and risk of clean water source pollution influence the occurance of diarrhea on toddlers. The dominant factor of diarrhea case on toddlers is the risk of clean water source pollution and the habit of washing the hand by using soap. The effort of diarrhea prevention is such as conducting city water security at slums of the city with high populous and makes washing the hand with soap as the habit in the society completed with the facility of hand washing.

show abstract

“…Assessments of wavelet cross-correlations are usually followed by assessments of phase differences between the two records x i and y i . We did not calculate phase differences in this study, because we assumed that the public health outcomes follow (that is, at least partly result from) specific meteorological or environmental variations [28]. Thus, the time lag that appeared in our results was presumed to inform on the delay (or duration of time intervals) between the onset of changes in meteorological or air quality variables and specific related health outcomes.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Meteorological Conditions and Human Health Impacts during Two Dust Storm Events in Northern Cape Province, South Africa: Findings and Lessons Learnt

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dust storms are meteorological hazards associated with several adverse health impacts including eye irritations, respiratory and cardiovascular disorders, and vehicular road accidents due to poor visibility. This study investigated relations between admissions from a large, public hospital that serves people living in Northern Cape and Free State provinces, South Africa during 2011 to 2017, and meteorological variables (temperature and air quality) during two dust storms, one in October 2014 (spring) and the second in January 2016 (summer), identified from the media as no repository of such events exists for South Africa. Distributed nonlinear lag analysis and wavelet transform analysis were applied to explore the relationships between hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, eye irritation, and motor vehicle accidents; maximum temperature, and two air quality ‘proxy measures,’ aerosol optical depth and Ångström exponent, were used as ground-based air quality data were unavailable. Eye irritation was the most common dust-related hospital admission after both dust storm events. No statistically significant changes in admissions of interest occurred at the time of the two dust storm events, using either of the statistical methods. Several lessons were learnt. For this type of study, ground-based air quality and local wind data are required; alternative statistical methods of analysis should be considered; and a central dust storm repository would help analyze more than two events. Future studies in South Africa are needed to develop a baseline for comparison of future dust storm events and their impacts on human health.

show abstract

Priority focus areas for a sub-national response to climate change and health: A South African provincial case study

Cited by 26 publications

References 143 publications

Temporal variation of pesticide mixtures in rivers of three agricultural watersheds during a major drought in the Western Cape, South Africa

Temporal variation of pesticide mixtures in rivers of three agricultural watersheds during a major drought in the Western Cape, South Africa

The source of potential pollution and diarrhea on toodlers at populous area (a study at Johar Baru Subdistrict, Central Jakarta)

Exploring Meteorological Conditions and Human Health Impacts during Two Dust Storm Events in Northern Cape Province, South Africa: Findings and Lessons Learnt

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About