Prisons

Abstract

Prisons developed from the philosophy of punishing the offender. Classical criminology provided the theoretical foundation for the creation of institutions for the punishment of those who have been adjudicated criminal. Initially, the goal of prison systems was to correct deviant behavior and thus return offenders to society. The Auburn System and the Pennsylvania System were the first prison systems and each sought to correct behavior through repentance and training. Retribution, incarceration, deterrence, and rehabilitation have been the reasons for incarcerating offenders in prisons in the United States. Professionalization of corrections in the 1960s changed the way prisons operated. No longer were prison closed institutions; they became open institutions that encouraged professionalism in prison management, administration, and correctional staff. Even so, prisons today continue to reflect many of the goals of early prisons.

Hipotireoidismo - uma revisão de literatura

“…Por volta da 12ª semana de gestação, a tireóide fetal está presente e funcionando, mas só produz uma quantidade suficiente de tiroxina, hormônio essencial para o desenvolvimento neurológico fetal, por volta da 18ª a 20ª semana. Assim, no início da gestação, o feto depende do hormônio tireoidiano materno, fornecido através do fluxo transplacentário (López-Muñoz et al, 2019, Lee;Pearce, 2020, Lee;Pearce, 2022, Yew Wen Yap;Emeka Onyekwelu;Alam, 2023).…”

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