Privacy and camping: Closeness to the self vs. closeness to others

Twight, Ben W.; Smith, Kenneth L.; Wissinger, Gordon H.

doi:10.1080/01490408109512979

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…tions by other users have been known to contribute to perceptions of crowding (Driver & Bassett, 1975;West, 1982). Group interactions such as the "perceived alikeness" of social groups also influence crowding (Buchanan, Christensen, & Burdge, 1981;Hammitt, 1982;Lee, 1977;Twight et al, 1981). Strong feelings of crowding may be influenced by encounters with individuals who adopt different behavioral standards or participate in dissimilar activities or groups (Manning, 1999).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research in mostly terrestrial settings, for example, has shown that people who are more sensitive to crowding tend to be more skilled in their activity (Needham, Rollins, & Vaske, 2005), visit more remote or backcountry areas (Needham, Rollins, & Wood, 2004), and are motivated to seek quietude (Absher & Lee, 1981). Attributes such as proximity or closeness, solitude, and interactions without disruptions also appear to influence perceptions of crowding (Hammitt, 1982;Hammitt & Madden, 1989;Twight, Smith, & Wissinger, 1981).…”

Section: Crowding In Terrestrial and Marine Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scuba Diver Perceptions and Evaluations of Crowding Underwater

Szuster¹,

Needham²,

McClure³

2011

Tourism in Marine Environments

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This article describes three exploratory investigations of dimensions influencing scuba diver perceptions of crowding in underwater settings. Five focus groups of five to eight divers each suggested that number, proximity, and clustering of divers were important crowding dimensions. A multiple sort procedure with 60 other divers revealed that number and proximity were most important. A survey of 101 additional divers confirmed that number and proximity of divers significantly influenced crowding, but the number of divers was the strongest determinant. Photographs were used to test crowding dimensions underwater. Although additional research is needed to confirm these findings, this study serves as a guide for future research on social aspects of dive site planning and management.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crowding In Terrestrial and Marine Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scuba Diver Perceptions and Evaluations of Crowding Underwater

Szuster¹,

Needham²,

McClure³

2011

Tourism in Marine Environments

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show abstract

“…For example, another approach to evaluating user experiences and solitude was developed with the multidimensional concept of privacy (Lee 1977, Twight et al 1981, Hammitt 1982, Hammitt and Brown 1984, Hammitt and Madden 1989, Priest and Bugg 1991, Hammitt 1994. While solitude is generally defined as being alone or being apart from usual associates, privacy implies more of a place or state of freedom from unwanted intrusion or observation by others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%