Private health insurance in South Korea: An international comparison

Shin, Jaeun

doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2012.08.011

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Demand for private health insurance plans by NHI members, which broadly cover medical expenses caused by catastrophic illness and accidents, is driven by the limited coverage and weak financial protection from the NHI benefit package (Shin, 2012). Private health insurance plans are both supplementary and complementary to the NHI plan by paying a lump-sum disbursement upon diagnosis of critical illness irrespective of actual medical bills and the receipt of care, or by providing itemized medical expenses compensation upon service use (Shin, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Private health insurance plans are both supplementary and complementary to the NHI plan by paying a lump-sum disbursement upon diagnosis of critical illness irrespective of actual medical bills and the receipt of care, or by providing itemized medical expenses compensation upon service use (Shin, 2012). Since economically vulnerable populations are less likely to have private health insurance to cover their cancer treatment costs, different levels of coverage rate should be implemented based on socio-economic status, especially depending on possession of private insurance among NHI members.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Copayment Policy Effects on Healthcare Spending and Utilization by Korean Lung Cancer Patients at End of Life: A Retrospective Cohort Design 2003-2012

Kim¹,

Han²,

Park³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: In Korea, the National Health Insurance program has initiated various copayment policies over a decade in order to alleviate patient financial burden. This study investigated healthcare spending and utilization in the last 12 months of life among patients who died with lung cancer by various copayment policy windows. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using nationwide lung cancer health insurance claims data from 2002 to 2012. We used descriptive and multivariate methods to compare spending measured by total costs, payer costs, copayments, and utilization (measured by length of stay or outpatient days). Using 1,4417,380 individual health insurance claims (inpatients: 673,122, outpatients: 744,258), we obtained aggregated healthcare spending and utilization of 155,273 individual patient (131,494 inpatient and 103,855 outpatient) records. Results: National spending and utilization is growing, with a significant portion of inpatient healthcare spending and utilization occurring during the end-of-life period. Specifically, inpatients were more likely to have more spending and utilization as they got close to death. As coverage expanded, copayments decreased, but overall costs increased due to increased utilization. The trends were the same in both inpatient and outpatient services. Multivariate analysis confirmed the associations. Conclusions: We found evidence of the higher end of life healthcare spending and utilizations in lung cancer patients occurring as coverage expanded. The practice pattern within a hospital might be influenced by coverage policies. Health policy makers should consider initiating various health policies since these influence the long-term outcomes of service performance and overall healthcare spending and utilization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copayment Policy Effects on Healthcare Spending and Utilization by Korean Lung Cancer Patients at End of Life: A Retrospective Cohort Design 2003-2012

Kim¹,

Han²,

Park³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…A poor health condition was negatively associated with having private health insurance (Huh and Kim, 2009;Kiil, 2012;Yoo et al, 2012). This implies that there is risk selection in the Korean insurance industry (Shin, 2012). Household income was highly associated with having private cancer insurance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the effects of private health insurance on healthcare utilization and expenditures should be identified. These are still in debate in Korea (Kang et al, 2005;Lee et al, 2010;Shin, 2012;Jeon and Kwon, 2013). Policy makers should consider gender differences and the inequity in private health insurance and private cancer insurance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Having Private Cancer Insurance in Korea: Gender Differences

Yoo

Noh²,

Kwon³

et al. 2015

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: As coverage of public insurance is not sufficient to cover diagnosis or treatment of cancer, having private health insurance is important to prepare for unexpected expenses of cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess factors associated with having private cancer insurance, considering gender among the sociodemographic factors and health behavior. Materials and Methods: We used data from the 2011 Korea Health Panel, which included 10,871 participants aged 20 years and older. Socio-demographics, health behavior, and perceived cancer risk were the independent variables and having private cancer insurance was the dependent variable. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with having private cancer insurance. Results: The variables relating to middle age, higher education, higher household income, married men, and the perceived cancer risk groups of 1-10% and 11-30% were significantly associated with having private cancer insurance. Additionally, females who had private non-cancer health insurance were positively associated with the dependent variables (OR=1.36; 95% CI=1.17-1.57). Education, smoking status, exercise, and perceived cancer risk possibility were significantly associated with having private cancer insurance only among women. The men lowered the overall percentages of those having private cancer insurance (OR=0.53, 95% CI=0.45-0.63). Conclusions: We found that there were significant differences between men and women who had private cancer insurance. Women with private cancer insurance are more likely to follow precautionary health behavior than men. This could be interpreted as resulting from masculine ideologies. It is important to make males recognize the seriousness of the cancer risk. In general, household income was highly associated with private cancer insurance. These results reveal an inequity among the buyers of private cancer insurance in terms of economic status level, education level, and health condition.

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“…Therefore, p-values are inflated by nonindependence of data points because we are dealing with geographic data. This is caused by spatial autocorrelation, without any causal health insurance coverage will drive further growth of healthcare industries (e.g., McClellan et al, 2002;Shin, 2012;Simoens & Hurst, 2006;Van Doorslaer, Masseria, & OECD Health Equity Research Group, 2004).…”

Section: Spatial Autocorrelation Race and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

National intelligence and private health expenditure: Do high IQ societies spend more on health insurance?

2015

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Studies show that high IQ people practice healthier lifestyles, which result in better health status. However, do such people spend more on healthcare? We employed hierarchical multiple regression analysis to examine the impact of national average IQ on private health expenditure, especially health insurance at cross-country level. Controlling for income, the old-age dependency ratio, and government expenditure on health, we found that IQ was positively significant on out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure but negatively associated with private health insurance expenditure. We suggest that high IQ societies pay less for health insurance because they are more capable of preventing illnesses or injuries and they live in healthier and safer environments, which are less vulnerable to diseases. In addition, they are more efficient at calculating risk and making choices according to their future healthcare 2 needs. Hence, with price dispersion and various choices of premium schemes available within the health insurance industry, high IQ people may be more efficient at obtaining lower effective prices of premiums.

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Private health insurance in South Korea: An international comparison

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Copayment Policy Effects on Healthcare Spending and Utilization by Korean Lung Cancer Patients at End of Life: A Retrospective Cohort Design 2003-2012

Copayment Policy Effects on Healthcare Spending and Utilization by Korean Lung Cancer Patients at End of Life: A Retrospective Cohort Design 2003-2012

Having Private Cancer Insurance in Korea: Gender Differences

National intelligence and private health expenditure: Do high IQ societies spend more on health insurance?

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