The aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting investment in the oil and gas sector. Therefore, the required data and statistics from the national accounts, economic websites, and the Islamic Republic of Iran Central Bank were collected by using case analysis Econometrics model ARDL. In order to investigate the relationship between investment in the oil and gas sector and variables affecting it, in the first test, the assumption of the classical study of the problem in your case and the correlation between linear time failed to see the variance. A study on the existence or absence of malpractice in the desired pattern by using the results of that test was done, the R-Ramzi showed the lack of test by error in the template. The results of this study showed that in the long run the price of oil and the amount of export of the oil and gas sector are positive and statistically significant (5% level) on investment in the oil and gas sector. Also, the added value and the exchange rate variables were positive and negative relationship with investment in the oil and gas sector, as well as oil income has a positive impact on the investment amount which is the estimated coefficient, though this is not a politically significant variable.