Pro- and Antioxidant Effects of Vitamin C in Cancer in correspondence to Its Dietary and Pharmacological Concentrations

Pawłowska, Elżbieta; Szczepańska, Joanna; Błasiak, Janusz

doi:10.1155/2019/7286737

Cited by 114 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 149 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…Other antioxidants such as vitamin C and flavonoids, though known as potent antioxidants, have been shown in other studies to exert pro-oxidant effects. 80 , 81 This should be explored further. Finally, our results indicate the effectiveness of dietary PFT supplementation in modulating oxidative stress in mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversal of age-associated oxidative stress in mice by PFT, a novel kefir product

Ghoneum

Abdulmalek

Pan

2020

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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Introduction: Oxidative stress is a key contributor to aging and age-related diseases. In the present study, we examine the protective effects of PFT, a novel kefir product, against age-associated oxidative stress using aged (10-month-old) mice. Methods: Mice were treated with PFT orally at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg body weight over 6 weeks, and antioxidant status, protein oxidation, and lipid peroxidation were studied in the brain, liver, and blood. Results: PFT supplementation significantly reduced the oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide; reversed the reductions in glutathione (GSH) levels, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and anti-hydroxyl radical (AHR) content; enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD); inhibited the liver enzyme levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT); significantly reduced triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels; and significantly elevated high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Interestingly, PFT supplementation reversed the oxidative changes associated with aging, thus bringing levels to within the limits of the young control mice in the brain, liver, and blood. We also note that PFT affects the redox homeostasis of young mice and that it is corrected post-treatment with PFT. Conclusion: Our findings show the effectiveness of dietary PFT supplementation in modulating age-associated oxidative stress in mice and motivate further studies of PFT’s effects in reducing age-associated disorders where free radicals and oxidative stress are the major cause.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversal of age-associated oxidative stress in mice by PFT, a novel kefir product

Ghoneum

Abdulmalek

Pan

2020

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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“…Interestingly, the rate of re-esterification of free fatty acid is directly proportional to the production of glycerol-3-phosphate via glycolysis, resulting in formation and accumulation of TG. High concentration of vitamin C has been reported to degrade HIF-1 and subsequently inhibit glycolysis [78].…”

Section: Other Potential Biological Functions Of Vitamin Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin C: A Review on its Role in the Management of Metabolic Syndrome

Wong

Chin

2020

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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Oxidative stress and inflammation are two interlinked events that exist simultaneously in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its related complications. These pathophysiological processes can be easily triggered by each other. This review summarizes the current evidence from animal and human studies on the effects of vitamin C in managing MetS. In vivo studies showed promising effects of vitamin C, but most of the interventions used were in combination with other compounds. The direct effects of vitamin C remain to be elucidated. In humans, the current state of evidence revealed that lower vitamin C intake and circulating concentration were found in MetS subjects. A negative relationship was observed between vitamin C intake / concentration and the risk of MetS. Oral supplementation of vitamin C also improved MetS conditions. It has been postulated that the positive outcomes of vitamin C may be in part mediated through its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. These observations suggest the importance of MetS patients to have an adequate intake of vitamin C through food, beverages or supplements in order to maintain its concentration in the systemic circulation and potentially reverse MetS.

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“…Low levels of plasma vitamin C and high levels of lipid peroxidation are associated with metastatic breast cancer [ 145 ], while increased dietary vitamin C is associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer related mortality [ 146 ]. In addition to its well-studied antioxidant function, vitamin C can also act as a pro-oxidant and cause cytotoxicity in cancer cells [ 147 ]. Supratherapeutic concentrations of vitamin C decrease the viability of both non-metastatic and metastatic breast cancer cells and support chemotherapy treatment [ 148 , 149 , 150 ].…”

Section: Antioxidant and Breast Cancer Metastasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Mechanisms of Circulating Tumor Cells During Breast Cancer Metastasis

Park

Brown

Kim

2020

IJMS

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Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells that detach from the primary site and travel in the blood stream. A higher number of CTCs increases the risk of breast cancer metastasis, and it is inversely associated with the survival rates of patients with breast cancer. Although the numbers of CTCs are generally low and the majority of CTCs die in circulation, the survival of a few CTCs can seed the development of a tumor at a secondary location. An increasing number of studies demonstrate that CTCs undergo modification in response to the dynamic biophysical environment in the blood due in part to fluid shear stress. Fluid shear stress generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), triggers redox-sensitive cell signaling, and alters the function of intracellular organelles. In particular, the mitochondrion is an important target organelle in determining the metastatic phenotype of CTCs. In healthy cells, mitochondria produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain, and during oxidative phosphorylation, they produce physiological levels of ROS. Mitochondria also govern death mechanisms such as apoptosis and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening to, in order eliminate unwanted or damaged cells. However, in cancer cells, mitochondria are dysregulated, causing aberrant energy metabolism, redox homeostasis, and cell death pathways that may favor cancer invasiveness. In this review, we discuss the influence of fluid shear stress on CTCs with an emphasis on breast cancer pathology, then discuss alterations of cellular mechanisms that may increase the metastatic potentials of CTCs.

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Pro- and Antioxidant Effects of Vitamin C in Cancer in correspondence to Its Dietary and Pharmacological Concentrations

Cited by 114 publications

References 149 publications

Reversal of age-associated oxidative stress in mice by PFT, a novel kefir product

Reversal of age-associated oxidative stress in mice by PFT, a novel kefir product

Vitamin C: A Review on its Role in the Management of Metabolic Syndrome

Cellular Mechanisms of Circulating Tumor Cells During Breast Cancer Metastasis

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