Pro‐contractile role of chloride in arterial smooth muscle: Postnatal decline potentially governed by sympathetic nerves

Abstract

New Findings What is the topic of this review?This symposium report discusses the previously unrecognized pro‐contractile role of chloride ions in rat arteries at early stages of postnatal development. What advances does it highlight?It highlights the postnatal decline in the contribution of chloride ions to regulation of arterial contractile responses and potential trophic role of sympathetic nerves in these developmental alterations. Abstract Chloride ions are important for smooth muscle contraction in adult vasculature. Arterial smooth muscle undergoes structural and functional remodelling during early postnatal development, including changes in K+ currents, Ca2+ handling and sensitivity. However, developmental change in the contribution of Cl− to regulation of arterial contraction has not yet been explored. Here, we provide the first evidence that the role of Cl− in α1‐adrenergic arterial contraction prominently decreases during early postnatal ontogenesis. The trophic influence of sympathetic nerves is a potential mechanism for postnatal decline of the contribution of Cl− to the vascular contraction.

Vascular microdomain signalling and possible novel treatments in cardiovascular diseases

“…They suggest that an éminence grise of smooth muscle membrane conductance, the Ca 2+ -activated Cl − channels, plays a key role in these changes along with the known contribution of voltage-gated Ca 2+ and K + channels. Kostyunina et al (2019) provide solid evidence for an increased contribution of Cl − conductance to arterial contraction in newborn rats that reduces during postnatal development. They speculate that this is regulated by a trophic influence from perivascular sympathetic nerves.…”

“…Kostyunina et al. () provide solid evidence for an increased contribution of Cl − conductance to arterial contraction in newborn rats that reduces during postnatal development. They speculate that this is regulated by a trophic influence from perivascular sympathetic nerves.…”

“…C. Garland discussed the role of ion channels in bidirectional interaction between vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, leading to generation of rhythmic arterial contraction, vasomotion and its significance for microvascular reactivity. Early postnatal change in smooth muscle membrane transport and its potential modulation by perivascular nerves was discussed by Kostyunina, Gaynullina, Matchkov, and Tarasova ().…”

“…microvascular reactivity. Early postnatal change in smooth muscle membrane transport and its potential modulation by perivascular nerves was discussed by Kostyunina, Gaynullina, Matchkov, and Tarasova (2019). Staehr et al (2019) discuss the novel role of the old enzyme, the Na + ,K + -ATPase, in regulation of cerebral blood flow.…”

“…They suggest that all these issues are very important for our understanding of brain function in health and disease and require further studies. Kostyunina et al (2019) present a new chapter in our understanding of structural and functional changes, which arterial smooth muscles undergo during early postnatal development. They suggest that an éminence grise of smooth muscle membrane conductance, the Ca 2+ -activated Cl − channels, plays a key role in these changes along with the known contribution of voltage-gated Ca 2+ and K + channels.…”