Pro-Poor Tourism: From Leakages to Linkages. A Conceptual Framework for Creating Linkages between the Accommodation Sector and ‘Poor’ Neighbouring Communities

Meyer, Debra

doi:10.2167/cit313.0

Cited by 158 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“… encouraging local ownership, capital and value chain additions of local products such as 'locally grown tealeaves', 'bamboo shoots and chilly pickles' (Walpole & Goodwin, 2000;Meyer, 2007;Lacher & Nepal, 2010;Nyaupane & Poudel, 2011);  developing markets for local goods by identifying and strengthening supply-demand linkages (Ollenburg & Buckley, 2007);…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of livelihood linkages of tourism in Kaziranga National Park, a Natural World Heritage Site in India

Hussain¹,

Barthwal²,

Badola³

et al. 2012

PARKS

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We evaluated the livelihood linkages of existing tourism practices in Kaziranga National Park, a World Heritage site located in Assam, India. The main objective of the study was to assess the contribution of tourism to local livelihoods and suggest ways to strengthen these linkages. Focus group discussions and interviews of tourism service providers were carried out to identify their share of tourism income. A survey of tourists was conducted to examine the amount spent by visitors while visiting the park. The primary data was supplemented by secondary information obtained from the park office, service providers and records of village self-help groups. In 2006-2007, the total amount of money that flowed through the tourism sector in Kaziranga National Park was estimated to be US$ 5 million per annum, of which different stakeholders (excluding government) received US$ 3.27 million per annum. The balance of income flowed as leakage for purchase of supplies and logistic support outside the tourism zone. The financial benefits to local stakeholders may increase if the leakages could be prevented through planned interventions such as proper marketing of products from cottage industries and strengthening of local level institutions. In addition to wildlife viewing, promotion of nature trails and package tours may be encouraged in the buffer zones and adjoining forests areas to enhance tourist visitation to un-tapped sites that could provide additional livelihood options to local communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of livelihood linkages of tourism in Kaziranga National Park, a Natural World Heritage Site in India

Hussain¹,

Barthwal²,

Badola³

et al. 2012

PARKS

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“…Direct effects are realised through direct employment in the tourism industry. Examples of this include community employment by corporations [36], leasing of communal land to tourism operators, the establishment of business enterprises, such as curio shops or craft markets by community members, and cultural tourism [6,37,38]. Whilst many authors note that direct effects can increase economic benefit to the community in a variety of ways [39][40][41][42][43][44], Mitchell and Ashley [9] caution that externalities are not always positive, with losses of livelihood to the community occurring in some instances.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poverty Alleviation through Pro-Poor Tourism: The Role of Botswana Forest Reserves

Manwa

2014

Sustainability

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Both government and international donor agencies now promote the use of tourism to alleviate poverty. The Botswana government has embraced tourism as a meaningful and sustainable economic activity and diversification opportunity, which now ranks second after mining in its contribution to the country's gross domestic product.The study reported in this paper investigates perceptions of stakeholders on the opportunities that would be created for the poor by opening up Botswana's forest reserves for ecotourism. Data was collected through mixed methods involving in-depth interviews with government departments, traditional leaders, quasi-government organisations and the Hospitality and Tourism Association of Botswana. Focus group discussions were also held with village development committees, Chobe Enclave Conservation Trust (CECT) and Kasane, Lesoma and Pandematenga Trust (KALEPA) members, and a consultative national workshop of stakeholders was also held. The findings indicate that opening up forest reserves for ecotourism has the potential to alleviate poverty among the disadvantaged groups living adjacent to forest reserves through direct (employment, small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)), secondary (linkages/partnerships) and dynamic effects (sustainable livelihoods). The study concludes by cautioning that whilst pro-poor tourism may yield short-and medium-term benefits, in keeping with sustainability objectives, participants in the programme need to be mindful of forestry encroachment and come up with strategies to ensure the sustainability of the Botswana forest reserves. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2014, 6 5698

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“…Furthermore, "meaningful participation cannot take place before a community understands what they are to make decisions about" , p.632). In fact, as pointed out by Ashley et al (2004), the poor have a weak understanding about tourists as well as the way the tourism industry works, and changing this state of affairs would be very important to make informed and suitable decisions about their own tourism development. A knowledge deficit perpetuates a vicious cycle of economic deprivation and poverty (Nadkarni, 2008).…”

Section: Determinant Factors Of Poverty Alleviation Through Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While there have been practical reasons to focus on promoting interventions, the lack of quantification of impact is indeed recognised as a weakness in the pro-poor tourism literature by its proponents (Ashley et al, 2004) as well as its detractors (Chok and Macbeth, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Tourism a Tool for Poverty Alleviation in Rwanda: Case of Kinigi Sector of Musanze District”

Nyataya¹

2017

International Journal of Research in Sociology and Anthropology

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Pro-Poor Tourism: From Leakages to Linkages. A Conceptual Framework for Creating Linkages between the Accommodation Sector and ‘Poor’ Neighbouring Communities

Cited by 158 publications

References 42 publications

An analysis of livelihood linkages of tourism in Kaziranga National Park, a Natural World Heritage Site in India

An analysis of livelihood linkages of tourism in Kaziranga National Park, a Natural World Heritage Site in India

Poverty Alleviation through Pro-Poor Tourism: The Role of Botswana Forest Reserves

“Tourism a Tool for Poverty Alleviation in Rwanda: Case of Kinigi Sector of Musanze District”

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