Proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in the seed coat of yellow-seeded, canola quality<i>Brassica napus</i>YN01-429 is constrained at the committed step catalyzed by dihydroflavonol 4-reductaseThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue from the National Research Council of Canada – Plant Biotechnology Institute.

Akhov, Leonid; Ashe, Paula; Tan, Yifang TanY.; Datla, Raju; Selvaraj, Gopalan

doi:10.1139/b09-036

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, much research has focused on identifying the seed pigments involved in the formation of seed coat color in B . napus (Theander et al, 1977; Marles and Gruber, 2004; Akhov et al, 2009; Qu et al, 2013). Homologous genes in the B .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Survey of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Genes and Gene Expression Analysis between Black- and Yellow-Seeded Brassica napus

Zhao

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flavonoids, the compounds that impart color to fruits, flowers, and seeds, are the most widespread secondary metabolites in plants. However, a systematic analysis of these loci has not been performed in Brassicaceae. In this study, we isolated 649 nucleotide sequences related to flavonoid biosynthesis, i.e., the Transparent Testa (TT) genes, and their associated amino acid sequences in 17 Brassicaceae species, grouped into Arabidopsis or Brassicaceae subgroups. Moreover, 36 copies of 21 genes of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were identified in Arabidopsis thaliana, 53 were identified in Brassica rapa, 50 in Brassica oleracea, and 95 in B. napus, followed the genomic distribution, collinearity analysis and genes triplication of them among Brassicaceae species. The results showed that the extensive gene loss, whole genome triplication, and diploidization that occurred after divergence from the common ancestor. Using qRT-PCR methods, we analyzed the expression of 18 flavonoid biosynthesis genes in 6 yellow- and black-seeded B. napus inbred lines with different genetic background, found that 12 of which were preferentially expressed during seed development, whereas the remaining genes were expressed in all B. napus tissues examined. Moreover, 14 of these genes showed significant differences in expression level during seed development, and all but four of these (i.e., BnTT5, BnTT7, BnTT10, and BnTTG1) had similar expression patterns among the yellow- and black-seeded B. napus. Results showed that the structural genes (BnTT3, BnTT18, and BnBAN), regulatory genes (BnTTG2 and BnTT16) and three encoding transfer proteins (BnTT12, BnTT19, and BnAHA10) might play an crucial roles in the formation of different seed coat colors in B. napus. These data will be helpful for illustrating the molecular mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis in Brassicaceae species.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Survey of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Genes and Gene Expression Analysis between Black- and Yellow-Seeded Brassica napus

Zhao

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The flavonoid biosynthesis pathways of Brassica species are much more complex than those of A. thaliana (Supplementary Figure S3); in addition to consisting of more synthesis-related genes, this pathway is also involved in multi-loci interactions, which have been shown to be involved in the formation of seed coat color in B . napus (Theander et al, 1977; Marles and Gruber, 2004; Akhov et al, 2009; Qu et al, 2013), and dozens of homologous genes in the B . napus flavonoid biosynthesis pathway have been cloned and characterized (Wei et al, 2007; Xu et al, 2007; Ni et al, 2008; Akhov et al, 2009; Auger et al, 2009; Chai et al, 2009; Lu et al, 2009; Chen et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…napus (Theander et al, 1977; Marles and Gruber, 2004; Akhov et al, 2009; Qu et al, 2013), and dozens of homologous genes in the B . napus flavonoid biosynthesis pathway have been cloned and characterized (Wei et al, 2007; Xu et al, 2007; Ni et al, 2008; Akhov et al, 2009; Auger et al, 2009; Chai et al, 2009; Lu et al, 2009; Chen et al, 2013). Prior to this study, no comprehensive analysis of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway had been conducted in B. napus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, some homologs of genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis have been cloned and characterized in B . napus (Wei et al, 2007; Xu et al, 2007; Ni et al, 2008; Akhov et al, 2009; Auger et al, 2009; Chai et al, 2009; Lu et al, 2009; Chen et al, 2013). These results provide a foundation for further studies of the molecular and regulatory mechanisms underlying seed coat color formation in B. napus .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Molecular Mapping and QTL for Expression Profiles of Flavonoid Genes in Brassica napus

Zhao

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that are extensively distributed in the plant kingdom and contribute to seed coat color formation in rapeseed. To decipher the genetic networks underlying flavonoid biosynthesis in rapeseed, we constructed a high-density genetic linkage map with 1089 polymorphic loci (including 464 SSR loci, 97 RAPD loci, 451 SRAP loci, and 75 IBP loci) using recombinant inbred lines (RILs). The map consists of 19 linkage groups and covers 2775 cM of the B. napus genome with an average distance of 2.54 cM between adjacent markers. We then performed expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis to detect transcript-level variation of 18 flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes in the seeds of the 94 RILs. In total, 72 eQTLs were detected and found to be distributed among 15 different linkage groups that account for 4.11% to 52.70% of the phenotypic variance atrributed to each eQTL. Using a genetical genomics approach, four eQTL hotspots together harboring 28 eQTLs associated with 18 genes were found on chromosomes A03, A09, and C08 and had high levels of synteny with genome sequences of A. thaliana and Brassica species. Associated with the trans-eQTL hotspots on chromosomes A03, A09, and C08 were 5, 17, and 1 genes encoding transcription factors, suggesting that these genes have essential roles in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Importantly, bZIP25, which is expressed specifically in seeds, MYC1, which controls flavonoid biosynthesis, and the R2R3-type gene MYB51, which is involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, were associated with the eQTL hotspots, and these genes might thus be involved in different flavonoid biosynthesis pathways in rapeseed. Hence, further studies of the functions of these genes will provide insight into the regulatory mechanism underlying flavonoid biosynthesis, and lay the foundation for elaborating the molecular mechanism of seed coat color formation in B. napus.

show abstract

“…The last one is present from 150 to 300 g/kg DM, with higher levels in black-seeded varieties. 39,40 In this study, there were no significant differences in the CT content, whereas the total polyphenols tended to be lower for the yellow-than for the black-seeded varieties (6.3 vs 7.2 g/kg DM). According to Shahidi et al, 41 phenolic compounds (i.e., CT) contribute to the dark color of canola seed and their byproducts.…”

Section: Journal Of Agricultural and Food Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 44%

Magnitude Differences in Bioactive Compounds, Chemical Functional Groups, Fatty Acid Profiles, Nutrient Degradation and Digestion, Molecular Structure, and Metabolic Characteristics of Protein in Newly Developed Yellow-Seeded and Black-Seeded Canola Lines

Theodoridou

Zhang

Vail

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, new lines of yellow-seeded (CS-Y) and black-seeded canola (CS-B) have been developed with chemical and structural alteration through modern breeding technology. However, no systematic study was found on the bioactive compounds, chemical functional groups, fatty acid profiles, inherent structure, nutrient degradation and absorption, or metabolic characteristics between the newly developed yellow- and black-seeded canola lines. This study aimed to systematically characterize chemical, structural, and nutritional features in these canola lines. The parameters accessed include bioactive compounds and antinutrition factors, chemical functional groups, detailed chemical and nutrient profiles, energy value, nutrient fractions, protein structure, degradation kinetics, intestinal digestion, true intestinal protein supply, and feed milk value. The results showed that the CS-Y line was lower (P ≤ 0.05) in neutral detergent fiber (122 vs 154 g/kg DM), acid detergent fiber (61 vs 99 g/kg DM), lignin (58 vs 77 g/kg DM), nonprotein nitrogen (56 vs 68 g/kg DM), and acid detergent insoluble protein (11 vs 35 g/kg DM) than the CS-B line. There was no difference in fatty acid profiles except C20:1 eicosenoic acid content (omega-9) which was in lower in the CS-Y line (P < 0.05) compared to the CS-B line. The glucosinolate compounds differed (P < 0.05) in terms of 4-pentenyl, phenylethyl, 3-CH3-indolyl, and 3-butenyl glucosinolates (2.9 vs 1.0 μmol/g) between the CS-Y and CS-B lines. For bioactive compounds, total polyphenols tended to be different (6.3 vs 7.2 g/kg DM), but there were no differences in erucic acid and condensed tannins with averages of 0.3 and 3.1 g/kg DM, respectively. When protein was portioned into five subfractions, significant differences were found in PA, PB1 (65 vs 79 g/kg CP), PB2, and PC fractions (10 vs 33 g/kg CP), indicating protein degradation and supply to small intestine differed between two new lines. In terms of protein structure spectral profile, there were no significant differences in functional groups of amides I and II, α helix, and β-sheet structure as well as their ratio between the two new lines, indicating no difference in protein structure makeup and conformation between the two lines. In terms of energy values, there were significant differences in total digestible nutrient (TDN; 149 vs 133 g/kg DM), metabolizable energy (ME; 58 vs 52 MJ/kg DM), and net energy for lactation (NEL; 42 vs 37 MJ/kg DM) between CS-Y and CS-B lines. For in situ rumen degradation kinetics, the two lines differed in soluble fraction (S; 284 vs 341 g/kg CP), potential degradation fraction (D; 672 vs 590 g/kg CP), and effective degraded organic matter (EDOM; 710 vs 684 g/kg OM), but no difference in degradation rate. CS-Y had higher digestibility of rumen bypass protein in the intestine than CS-B (566 vs 446 g/kg of RUP, P < 0.05). Modeling nutrient supply results showed that microbial protein synthesis (MCP; 148 vs 171 g/kg DM) and rumen protein degraded balance (DPB; 108 vs 127 g/kg DM) were lower in the...

show abstract

Cited by 46 publications

References 37 publications

Genome-Wide Survey of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Genes and Gene Expression Analysis between Black- and Yellow-Seeded Brassica napus

Genome-Wide Survey of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Genes and Gene Expression Analysis between Black- and Yellow-Seeded Brassica napus

Molecular Mapping and QTL for Expression Profiles of Flavonoid Genes in Brassica napus

Magnitude Differences in Bioactive Compounds, Chemical Functional Groups, Fatty Acid Profiles, Nutrient Degradation and Digestion, Molecular Structure, and Metabolic Characteristics of Protein in Newly Developed Yellow-Seeded and Black-Seeded Canola Lines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About