Proanthocyanidins in Pruning Wood Extracts of Four European Plum (Prunus domestica L.) Cultivars and Their hLDHA Inhibitory Activity

Abstract

European plum tree (Prunus domestica L.) is cultivated in many countries for its delicious and nutritive fruit and, accordingly, certain amounts of wood (from pruning works) are generated every year. The main objective of this work was to value this agricultural woody residue, for which the chemical composition of pruning wood extracts from four European plum cultivars was investigated, and the human lactate dehydrogenase A (hLDHA) inhibitory activity of plum wood extracts and pure proanthocyanidins present in those extracts was measured. For the chemical characterization, total phenolic content and DPPH radical‐scavenging assays and HPLC‐DAD/ESI‐MS analyses were performed, the procyanidin (−)‐ent‐epicatechin‐(2α→O→7,4α→8)‐catechin (4), the phenolic glucoside (−)‐annphenone (3) and the flavan‐3‐ol catechin (1) being the major components of the wood extracts. Some quantitative and qualitative differences were found among plum cultivars, and the content of proanthocyanidins ranged from 1.51 (cv. ‘Claudia de Tolosa’) to 8.51 (cv. ‘De la Rosa’) mg g−1 of dry wood. For the hLDHA inhibitory activity, six wood extracts and six proanthocyanidins were evaluated by a UV spectrophotometric assay, compound 4 showing the highest inhibitory activity (IC50 3.2 μM) of this enzyme involved on the excessive production of oxalate in the liver of patients affected by the rare disease Primary Hyperoxaluria.

Chemodiversity of Arctic Plant Dryas oxyodonta: LC-MS Profile and Antioxidant Activity

“…Although derivatives of hydroxycinnamic acids were identified in the D. oxyodonta extract, there are no records of their discovery in D. octopetala , likely owing to the lack of comprehensive knowledge about this species. Procyanidins and catechins, characteristic of the Dryadaceae subfamily, have also been found in other subfamilies, such as Rosoideae and Amygdaloideae, across genera like Agrimonia [ 46 ], Prunus [ 47 ], Malus [ 48 ], and Pyrus [ 49 ]. Therefore, establishing a distinct chemodiversity pattern for procyanidins and catechins is challenging due to their ubiquitous presence in the plant metabolome.…”