Probabilistic Assessment of Antarctic Thermomechanical Structure: Impacts on Ice Sheet Stability

Hazzard, James; Richards, Fred; Goes, Saskia

doi:10.1029/2023jb026653

Cited by 6 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(173 reference statements)

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“…The development of sedimentary basins occurs in parallel with the development of the crust and the lithospheric mantle beneath. The structure of the crust and mantle have been investigated in a number of recent studies that reveal key features of relevance to understanding the basin distribution (An et al, 2015;Chaput et al, 2014;Hazzard et al, 2023;Lloyd et al, 2015Lloyd et al, , 2020Shen et al, 2017Shen et al, , 2018. Most critical to basin forming is the development of accommodation space due to tectonic subsidence.…”

Section: Tectonic Structure Of Antarctica's Lithospherementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lithospheric thickness (Figure 13b) is closely associated with the thermal state of the mantle, and areas of thin lithosphere are associated with recent to ongoing tectonic events. Thin lithosphere in West Antarctica is associated with the WARS, and recent higher-resolution models (Hazzard et al, 2023) suggest it may be less than 30 km thick in regions with recent volcanism including the Terror Rift, Marie Byrd Land, the Siple Coast, and the Antarctic Peninsula. Thicker lithosphere is found through the Eastern Basin of the Ross Sea, central West Antarctica and Ellsworth-Whitmore and Haag regions.…”

Section: Tectonic Structure Of Antarctica's Lithospherementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 13. Structure of the Antarctic lithosphere showing basins over (a) Moho depth, (b) lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary depth(Hazzard et al, 2023), 1-6 indicate lithospheric embayments around the East Antarctic margin (c) multidata lineament analysis(Stål et al, 2019) and (d) multiscale gravity edge analysis. All images show the West Antarctic Rift System (WARS) bounding TAM front and East Antarctic lineament sets in dashed black.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Antarctic Sedimentary Basins and Their Influence on Ice‐Sheet Dynamics

Aitken,

Li,

Kulessa

et al. 2023

Reviews of Geophysics

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Knowledge of Antarctica’s sedimentary basins builds our understanding of the coupled evolution of tectonics, ice, ocean, and climate. Sedimentary basins have properties distinct from basement‐dominated regions that impact ice‐sheet dynamics, potentially influencing future ice‐sheet change. Despite their importance, our knowledge of Antarctic sedimentary basins is restricted. Remoteness, the harsh environment, the overlying ice sheet, ice shelves and sea ice all make fieldwork challenging. Nonetheless, in the past decade the geophysics community has made great progress in internationally coordinated data collection and compilation with parallel advances in data processing and analysis supporting a new insight into Antarctica’s subglacial environment. Here, we summarize recent progress in understanding Antarctica’s sedimentary basins. We review advances in the technical capability of radar, potential fields, seismic and electromagnetic techniques to detect and characterize basins beneath ice and advances in integrated multi‐data interpretation including machine‐learning approaches. These new capabilities permit a continent‐wide mapping of Antarctica’s sedimentary basins and their characteristics, aiding definition of the tectonic development of the continent. Crucially, Antarctica’s sedimentary basins interact with the overlying ice sheet through dynamic feedbacks that have the potential to contribute to rapid ice‐sheet change. Looking ahead, future research directions include techniques to increase data coverage within logistical constraints, and resolving major knowledge gaps, including insufficient sampling of the ice‐sheet bed and poor definition of subglacial basin structure and stratigraphy. Translating the knowledge of sedimentary basin processes into ice‐sheet modelling studies is critical to underpin better capacity to predict future change.

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Section: Tectonic Structure Of Antarctica's Lithospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonic Structure Of Antarctica's Lithospherementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antarctic Sedimentary Basins and Their Influence on Ice‐Sheet Dynamics

Aitken,

Li,

Kulessa

et al. 2023

Reviews of Geophysics

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“…Spatially variable GHF for Antarctica has been estimated in the past using magnetic (Martos et al., 2017) and seismic methods (An et al., 2015b; Haeger et al., 2022; Hazzard et al., 2023). These methods characterize the thermal structure of the lithosphere by the geometry of the inferred Curie isotherm (Martos et al., 2017) or the temperature field of the lithospheric mantle (An et al., 2015b; Haeger et al., 2022; Hazzard et al., 2023). GHF is then calculated from the thermal gradient between the isotherm and the ice‐sheet bed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even in areas with a frozen-bed, GHF impacts basal temperature, which determines the extent of deformation processes occurring within the ice-sheet (Hooke, 2019).Due to the inaccessibility of the ice-sheet bed, there are limited direct observations of GHF, and large-scale understanding relies heavily on models derived from geophysical data (Burton-Johnson et al, 2020;Reading et al, 2022). Spatially variable GHF for Antarctica has been estimated in the past using magnetic (Martos et al, 2017) and seismic methods (An et al, 2015b;Haeger et al, 2022;Hazzard et al, 2023). These methods characterize the thermal structure of the lithosphere by the geometry of the inferred Curie isotherm (Martos et al, 2017) or the temperature field of the lithospheric mantle (An et al, 2015b;Haeger et al, 2022;Hazzard et al, 2023).…”

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confidence: 99%

Crustal Heterogeneity of Antarctica Signals Spatially Variable Radiogenic Heat Production

Li,

Aitken

2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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Geothermal heat flow (GHF) is a key basal boundary condition for Antarctic ice‐sheet flow. Large‐scale variations are resolved by several recent models but knowledge of the smaller‐scale variations, crucial for ice sheet dynamics, is limited by unresolved variations in crustal radiogenic heat production. To define this at continent‐scale we use 3D gravity inversion constrained by seismic Moho estimates to identify variations in crustal composition and geometry beneath thick ice. Geochemically‐defined empirical relationships between density and heat production capture the global average trend and its variability, and allow to estimate from upper‐crust density spatial variations in radiogenic heat production. Significant variations are observed typically 1.2–1.6 μW/m3, and as high as 2 μW/m3 in West Antarctica. The contribution to GHF from these heat‐production variations is similarly variable, typically 16–24 mW/m2 and up to 60 mW/m2. The mapped variations are significant for correctly representing GHF in Antarctica.

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Testing Mantle Convection Simulations With Paleobiology and Other Stratigraphic Observations: Examples From Western North America

Fernandes,

Roberts,

Richards

2024

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Mantle convection plays a fundamental role in driving evolution of oceanic and continental lithosphere. In turn it impacts a broad suite of processes operating at or close to Earth's surface including landscape evolution, glacio‐eustasy, magmatism, and climate. A variety of theoretical approaches now exist to simulate mantle convection. Outputs from such simulations are being used to parameterize models of landscape evolution and basin formation. However, the substantial body of existing simulations has generated a variety of conflicting views on the history of dynamic topography, its evolution and key parameters for modeling mantle flow. The focus of this study is on developing strategies to use large‐scale quantitative stratigraphic observations to assess model predictions and identify simulation parameters that generate realistic predictions of Earth surface evolution. Spot measurements of uplift or subsidence provide useful target observations for models of dynamic topography, but finding areas where tectonics have not also influenced vertical motions is challenging. To address this issue, we use large inventories of stratigraphic data from across North America with contextual geophysical and geodetic data to constrain the regional uplift and subsidence history. We demonstrate that a suite of typical geodynamic simulations struggle to match the amplitude, polarity and timing of observed vertical motions. Building on recent seismological advances, we then explore strategies for understanding patterns of continental uplift and subsidence that incorporate (and test) predicted evolution of the lithosphere, asthenosphere and deep mantle. Our results demonstrate the importance of contributions from the uppermost mantle in driving vertical motions of continental interiors.

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Probabilistic Assessment of Antarctic Thermomechanical Structure: Impacts on Ice Sheet Stability

Cited by 6 publications

References 86 publications

Antarctic Sedimentary Basins and Their Influence on Ice‐Sheet Dynamics

Antarctic Sedimentary Basins and Their Influence on Ice‐Sheet Dynamics

Crustal Heterogeneity of Antarctica Signals Spatially Variable Radiogenic Heat Production

Testing Mantle Convection Simulations With Paleobiology and Other Stratigraphic Observations: Examples From Western North America

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