Probabilistic description of traffic breakdowns

Kühne, Reinhart; Mahnke, Reinhard; Lubashevsky, Ihor; Kaupužs, J.

doi:10.1103/physreve.65.066125

Cited by 63 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…without bottleneck). Based on this approach Kühne et al [91] confirmed that the probability of the F→J transition in the metastable region is increasing with the flow rate in free flow. They applied this result to explain the breakdown phenomenon at a highway bottleneck.…”

Section: Probabilistic Theory Of Highway Capacitymentioning

confidence: 93%

Three-phase traffic theory and highway capacity

Kerner¹

2004

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

264

128

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Hypotheses and some results of the three-phase traffic theory by the author are compared with results of the fundamental diagram approach to traffic flow theory. A critical discussion of model results about congested pattern features which have been derived within the fundamental diagram approach to traffic flow theory and modelling is made. The empirical basis of the three-phase traffic theory is discussed and some new spatial-temporal features of the traffic phase "synchronized flow" are considered. A probabilistic theory of highway capacity is presented which is based on the three-phase traffic theory. In the frame of this theory, the probabilistic nature of highway capacity in free flow is linked to an occurrence of the first order local phase transition from the traffic phase "free flow" to the traffic phase "synchronized flow". A numerical study of congested pattern highway capacity based on simulations of a KKW cellular automata model within the three-phase traffic theory is presented. A congested pattern highway capacity which depends on features of congested spatialtemporal patterns upstream of a bottleneck is studied.

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Section: Probabilistic Theory Of Highway Capacitymentioning

confidence: 93%

Three-phase traffic theory and highway capacity

Kerner¹

2004

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

264

128

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“…For a recent comprehensive discussion of the breakdown phenomenon in CA-models and in the Krauß et al model in the fundamental diagram approach see also [55,56]. The theories in [33,52,53,54,55,56] belong to the fundamental diagram approach.…”

Section: Probability Of the Breakdown Phenomenon (The F→s Transition)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular automata approach to three-phase traffic theory

Kerner

Klenov

Wolf³

2002

J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.

416

214

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Abstract. The cellular automata (CA) approach to traffic modeling is extended to allow for spatially homogeneous steady state solutions that cover a two dimensional region in the flow-density plane. Hence these models fulfill a basic postulate of a three-phase traffic theory proposed by Kerner. This is achieved by a synchronization distance, within which a vehicle always tries to adjust its speed to the one of the vehicle in front. In the CA models presented, the modelling of the free and safe speeds, the slow-to-start rules as well as some contributions to noise are based on the ideas of the Nagel-Schreckenberg type modelling. It is shown that the proposed CA models can be very transparent and still reproduce the two main types of congested patterns (the general pattern and the synchronized flow pattern) as well as their dependence on the flows near an on-ramp, in qualitative agreement with the recently developed continuum version of the three-phase traffic theory [B. S. Kerner and S. L. Klenov. 2002. J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 35, L31]. These features are qualitatively different than in previously considered CA traffic models. The probability of the breakdown phenomenon (i.e., of the phase transition from free flow to synchronized flow) as function of the flow rate to the on-ramp and of the flow rate on the road upstream of the on-ramp is investigated. The capacity drops at the on-ramp which occur due to the formation of different congested patterns are calculated. Cellular automata2

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“…At the microscopic level, while pair longitudinal interactions are now quite well-known [1,2,3,4,5,6,7], there is still much to learn about lateral interactions [8,9,10], and also about collective effects -or correlations between vehicles, to state it otherwise [11,12,13,14,15]. This knowledge would be useful though, both in the perspective of modelling, and of security improvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of short-range interactions in vehicular traffic

Appert-Rolland

2009

Phys. Rev. E

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Single vehicle data obtained from magnetic loops on an expressway allowed us to measure velocity correlations and velocity differences between non-neighbor vehicles on the same lane, showing some strong correlations even for platoons of 7 or 8 vehicles. The corresponding time headway distribution for non-neighbor vehicles is also presented. We were also able to get some informations about interlane structures, through crossed time headway distributions. It should be noticed that these last results on crossed time headways are meaningful only because the subset of data we used corresponds to a unique stationary traffic state -and still contains a large amount of data, with a large fraction of short time headways. The link with passing maneuvers is discussed.

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Probabilistic description of traffic breakdowns

Cited by 63 publications

References 16 publications

Three-phase traffic theory and highway capacity

Three-phase traffic theory and highway capacity

Cellular automata approach to three-phase traffic theory

Experimental study of short-range interactions in vehicular traffic

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