Probabilistic Dispatch of Remote Hybrid Microgrids Including Battery Storage and Load Management

Abstract

-This work presents a probabilistic economic dispatch tool for energy management (EM) studies in the context of remote hybrid AC/DC microgrids (MGs). An EM approach is proposed to ensure a reliable power supply at the minimum cost of the hybrid MG operation. A comprehensive operational framework is presented, which considers topological features of the hybrid MG and the interlinking converter between AC and DC subsections. Approach and models are tested using several operating scenarios referred to a test hybrid MG system. In the analyses, the opportunity of integrating battery energy storage and energy demand management in the EM scheme is investigated. The results of the analyses demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the optimization tool in different operation contexts. -represent a more likely architecture. Hybrid MGs can be a cost-effective solution to supply affordable and reliable electricity to rural and remote communities, given their unique feature of using locally available generation resources (such as solar, wind, water stream and biomass) to supply the specific demand needs. IndexDespite combining the advantages of AC and DC, operating a hybrid MG brings challenges in power quality, reliability, efficiency and control. There have been several publications addressing dynamics and control of hybrid . Schemes and techniques for the control of AC and DC subsections of a hybrid MG, as well as of their power electronics interface, are examined in [6]-[9], for both grid-connected and islanded modes of operation. Focusing on the interlinking converter between AC bus and DC bus, authors in [9] propose a DC-side hierarchical control scheme to analyze both standalone and grid-connected DC operation. Interaction dynamics in hybrid AC/DC distribution systems are investigated in [10], alongside strategies for their mitigation; in this case, small-signal analysis is used to model the input/output DC-side admittance of the system components. Harmonics analysis and harmonics mitigation methods are studied in [12]-[14] for standalone and grid-connected hybrid systems. Authors in [13] propose, in particular, a reduction method for the zero-sequence circulating currents between parallel AC/DC interlinking inverters, whereas [14] presents a DC bus voltage control scheme to suppress the transient fluctuations of DC-bus voltage and improve power. Finally, [15] presents a back-to-back converter structure for grid-connected hybrid MGs, which can provide isolated and reliable system connection with improved power flow management. Outside this research, what is still missing in the literature is a comprehensive energy management (EM) framework that can incorporate and address the aforementioned issues in a robust manner [5].Optimization-based EM has been well explored in AC MGs or DC . In hybrid MGs, the EM becomes more challenging because of the interconnection between DC side

Energy Management in Microgrids with Renewable Energy Sources: A Literature Review

“…Battistelli et al [88] proposed an energy management system for a remote hybrid AC/DC MG, which ensures economical dispatch in spite of the uncertainties associated with the use renewable energy sources. A load control is determined (thermic and electric vehicles) based on the demand, while taking the limits of the generators, controllable loads, and charge and discharge of batteries into consideration.…”

Estimated cost of electricity with time horizon for micro grids based on the policy response of demand for real price of energy

“…The preferential dispatch technologies are generally the non-conventional renewables, in which case you pay a fixed cost in $ / kWh, and all the energy produced is dispatched. An example of this case is PV and wind power, provided they do not have energy storage (Battistelli et al, 2016;Glover, 2012). All other plants that do not have preferential dispatch are subject to the economic dispatch methodology which is developed below.…”

“…After calculating the equal incremental cost for all the generation units, the output power of each generator is obtained, clearing the power ( ) of equation 2as shown in equation 3. (Battistelli et al, 2016;Glover, 2012;Grainger & Stevenson, 1996). 5If the power calculated from equation 6breaks the maximum or minimum output limits of a generator, this limit is set as the output power of that generator and a new for the remaining generators.…”

“…The advance on electrical systems research currently presents important innovations, allowing an evolution that will permit greater competitiveness and efficiency in satisfying demand with lower losses, moving from centralized systems to distributed systems close to the load, changing the form of user participation from passive to active, presenting supply and demand opportunities in an electricity market, which requires complex communication systems such as two-way smart meters, using ICT, conventional and non-conventional renewable generation sources, home load managers and electric vehicles (Battistelli, Agalgaonkar y Pal, 2016) (Glover,42 Enfoque UTE, V.11 -N.1, Ene. 2020, pp.…”

A review to economic dispatch of hybrid microgrids

“…The probabilistic approach of economic dispatch was considered for islanded hybrid microgrids [29] at minimum operation cost. During analysis, battery was integrated and energy demand was investigated.…”