Probabilistic seismic fragility and loss analysis of concrete bridge piers with superelastic shape memory alloy-steel coupled reinforcing bars

Xiang, Nailiang; Xu, Chao; Alam, M. Shahria

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110229

Cited by 96 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Various kinds of SMA-based vibration control devices, such as isolators [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ] and dampers [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], have been developed by exploiting the energy dissipation capacity and recentering ability of SMAs. Development in the machining and connection technology has made it possible to use superelastic SMA bars as reinforcement materials in the construction industry, such as in beams [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], columns [ 15 , 16 ], beam–column joints [ 17 , 18 ], and shear walls [ 19 , 20 ]. SMA wires are often applied to confine the concrete cylinder [ 21 ] or retrofit the reinforced concrete column [ 22 ] for seismic application based on their unique mechanical behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Large Shape Memory Alloy Bars under Different Heat Treatments

et al. 2020

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Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are a class of functional materials that possess unique thermomechanical properties, such as shape memory effect (SME), superelasticity (SE), damping, and good fatigue and corrosion resistance, which enable them to become ideal materials for applications in earthquake engineering. Numerous studies have shown that the mechanical properties of superelastic SMAs mainly depend on the wire form, or the relationship between the microstructure and thermally induced phase transitions. However, extremely few studies have elucidated the effects of the heat-treatment strategy, size effect of large diameters, and cyclic loading. Herein, the mechanical properties of SMA bars, such as residual strain, energy dissipation, and equivalent damping ratio, were studied with different heat-treatment strategies, cyclic loadings, and strain amplitudes; this was achieved by conducting cyclic tensile tests on SMA bars with four different diameters. The results indicate that the maximum phase transformation stress was obtained with a 14 mm SMA bar subjected to heat treatment at 400 ℃ for 15 min. The mechanical properties were relatively stable after five loading–unloading cycles, which should be considered in engineering applications. The test results provide a mechanical basis for using large SMA bars in self-centering structures in seismic regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Large Shape Memory Alloy Bars under Different Heat Treatments

et al. 2020

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“…. By inputting the 10,000 sets of structural parameter combinations obtained in Section 3.3 to equation ( 7), obtain the probabilistic seismic demand model of the embankment [60][61][62], as shown in the following equation:…”

Section: Embankment Seismic Fragility Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embankment Seismic Fragility Assessment under the Near‐Fault Pulse‐like Ground Motions by Applying the Response Surface Method

Che

Yin

Zhou

et al. 2021

Shock and Vibration

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Uncertainties of the ground motions and structural parameters are the main factors that limit the accuracy of embankment seismic fragility assessment. In response to the uncertainties of the ground motions, artificial synthesizing method of the near-fault pulse-like ground motions was proposed, and 15 ground motions with the rupture fault distances ranging from 1 to 15 km were synthesized by taking the Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan, China, as an example. The Xi’an-Baoji expressway K1125 + 470 embankment was taken as the research object, and a total of 12 structural parameters were selected as the design variables, namely, the elastic modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus, density, cohesion force, and internal friction angle of the embankment fill and soil foundation, respectively. In response to the uncertainties of these parameters, 3 principal components with large impacts on the embankment seismic fragility were extracted based on the principal component analysis. Mapping relationships among the principal components and embankment seismic damages were analyzed using the uniform design response surface method, and the seismic fragility assessment was carried out and the fragility curves were plotted. The research results are consistent with the actual embankment seismic damage conditions of the Chi-Chi earthquake, indicating that the proposed method is scientific and reasonable. It also shows that it would obviously overestimate the seismic performance in the embankment seismic fragility assessment without considering the uncertainties of the ground motions and structural parameters.

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“…The increased resilience of bridge columns incorporating superelastic SMA and ECC has also been shown by (Hosseini et al 2015. Despite its superior self-centering capacity, drawbacks particularly related to its cost limits the wide application of SMA reinforcement in the full section of the plastic hinge zone (Xiang et al 2020). Furthermore, the flag-shaped hysteresis properties in SMA reinforcement reduce the energy dissipation capacity of the structures relative to the conventional steel reinforcement (Xiang et al 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Despite its superior self-centering capacity, drawbacks particularly related to its cost limits the wide application of SMA reinforcement in the full section of the plastic hinge zone (Xiang et al 2020). Furthermore, the flag-shaped hysteresis properties in SMA reinforcement reduce the energy dissipation capacity of the structures relative to the conventional steel reinforcement (Xiang et al 2020). As a result, hybrid SMA/steel reinforcement that combines the self-centering capacity of SMA reinforcement and energy dissipation capacity of conventional steel reinforcement was proposed as an effective and economical reinforcement in the plastic hinge zone of solid concrete bridge piers (Mao et al 2019;Xiang et al 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Performance of Hybrid SMA/Steel Reinforced Hollow Section Concrete Bridge Piers

Wakjira

Alam

Ebead

2021

Preprint

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Concrete bridge piers reinforced with conventional steel bars experience large permanent (residual) deformation that may lead to uneconomical repair or demotion of bridges due to their non-functionality post strong seismic event. Thus, sufficiently ductile materials are required to reinforce concrete bridge piers in the plastic hinge zone in order to limit their permanent damage and deformation post-earthquake event. Previous studies showed that partial replacement of conventional steel reinforcement bars with superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) bars in the plastic hinge zone of concrete bridge piers has the capacity to limit the residual deformation owing to the superior self-centering properties of SMA bars. In this study, the efficacy of hybrid SMA/steel reinforcement for hollow section concrete bridge piers under combined reverse cyclic and constant axial loading is numerically investigated for the first time. The responses of the piers were evaluated in terms of different performance indices including hysteretic characteristics, residual deformation, energy dissipation capacity, and self-centering capacity. A sensitivity analysis was used to explore the main effects of key design parameters and their interactions on each performance index at four damage states, namely, complete, extensive, moderate, and slight damage states. The results of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of hybrid SMA/steel reinforcement for enhancing the seismic behavior of hollow section concrete bridge piers.

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Probabilistic seismic fragility and loss analysis of concrete bridge piers with superelastic shape memory alloy-steel coupled reinforcing bars

Cited by 96 publications

References 48 publications

Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Large Shape Memory Alloy Bars under Different Heat Treatments

Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Large Shape Memory Alloy Bars under Different Heat Treatments

Embankment Seismic Fragility Assessment under the Near‐Fault Pulse‐like Ground Motions by Applying the Response Surface Method

Seismic Performance of Hybrid SMA/Steel Reinforced Hollow Section Concrete Bridge Piers

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