We combine the stochastic perturbation method with the maximum entropy principle to construct approximations of the first probability density function of the steady-state solution of a class of nonlinear oscillators subject to small perturbations in the nonlinear term and driven by a stochastic excitation. The nonlinearity depends both upon position and velocity, and the excitation is given by a stationary Gaussian stochastic process with certain additional properties. Furthermore, we approximate higher-order moments, the variance, and the correlation functions of the solution. The theoretical findings are illustrated via some numerical experiments that confirm that our approximations are reliable.