Probabilistic Template of the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, Medial Parabrachial Nucleus, Vestibular Nuclei Complex, and Medullary Viscero-Sensory-Motor Nuclei Complex in Living Humans From 7 Tesla MRI

Network Localization of Central Hypoventilation Syndrome in Lateral Medullary Infarction

“…However, there was no significant lesion connectivity to the rostral dorsolateral pons that houses the Parabrachial/Kölliker-Fuse complex. 27 In an fMRI study on the mechanisms of breathing complexity in normal subjects and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the activation during respiration was seem maximally over the rostral ventro-lateral medulla and caudal ventrolateral pons, similar to the results. 24 Numerous cortical and subcortical structures have been associated with suprapontine respiratory control.…”

“…The region identified in the inferior ventral pons is likely to be part of the PRG and is hypothesized to have inhibitory cortical effects on the brainstem respiratory control. However, there was no significant lesion connectivity to the rostral dorsolateral pons that houses the Parabrachial/Kölliker‐Fuse complex 27 . In an fMRI study on the mechanisms of breathing complexity in normal subjects and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the activation during respiration was seem maximally over the rostral ventro‐lateral medulla and caudal ventrolateral pons, similar to the results 24 .…”

“…Though the VLSM analysis had no association with NTS, the network mapping showed involvement of the region that corresponds to the NTS and also extends to the locations of the pre-Bötzinger complex and Bötzinger complex. 24,27 The region identified in the inferior ventral pons is likely to be part of the PRG and is hypothesized to have inhibitory cortical effects on the brainstem respiratory control. However, there was no significant lesion connectivity to the rostral dorsolateral pons that houses the Parabrachial/Kölliker-Fuse complex.…”

Regionconnect: Rapidly extracting standardized brain connectivity information in voxel-wise neuroimaging studies

“…Since the accuracy of regionconnect directly depends on the accuracy of registration to the IIT space, it should also be noted that registration to the IIT diffusion tensor template has been shown to allow higher spatial normalization accuracy compared to all other available tensor templates, including study-specific templates constructed with state of the art techniques, for both younger and older adults ( Cabeen et al, 2017 ; Zhang and Arfanakis, 2018 ). The diffusion tensor template of the atlas was successfully used for spatial normalization in a study of the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol on the brain of young adults ( Cabeen et al, 2020 ), a study of diffuse axonal injury ( Ware et al, 2017 ), an investigation of the relation between fructose intake and brain connectivity in children ( Clark et al, 2020 ), a study on the effects of perivascular spaces on water diffusion in white matter ( Sepehrband et al, 2019 ), and studies that generated atlases of brainstem nuclei in IIT space ( Singh et al, 2019 ) ( Garcia-Gomar et al, 2019 ). The HARDI template of the atlas, which served as the foundation for the tractogram developed in the present work, was recently used to perform whole brain tractography in studies of depression ( Avecillas-Chasin et al, 2019 ), white matter maturation from infancy to adolescence ( Lynch et al, 2020 ), and Parkinson’s disease progression ( Yau et al, 2018 ).…”

Medial Parabrachial Nucleus Is Essential in Controlling Wakefulness in Rats

“…PB can be divided along the superior cerebellar peduncle into three main parts: MPB, LPB, and Kolliker-Fuse nucleus (KF) ( Fulwiler and Saper, 1984 ; Singh et al, 2019 ). Several pioneer studies have revealed that LPB plays an important role in transmitting viscero- and somatosensory information to the forebrain, including pain, feeding and thermoregulation ( Morrison and Nakamura, 2011 ; Le May et al, 2021 ), and the KF mainly involved in the respiration regulation ( Chamberlin, 2004 ; Yang et al, 2020 ).…”