Probabilistic VOR error due to several scatterers — Application to wind farms

Douvenot, Rémi; Claudepierre, Ludovic; Chabory, Alexandre; Morlaas, Christophe

doi:10.23919/eucap.2017.7928653

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Wind turbines can heavily affect sensitive radar applications including weather, surveillance, precision approaching and air traffic control. Furthermore, the operation of air traffic radio navigation systems like VOR (VHF omnidirectional range) can be disturbed by nearby wind turbines (Morlaas et al, 2008;Douvenot et al, 2017). In 2021 the European countries invested about EUR 41 billion in new wind farms, covering 24.6 GW of new capacity (Brindley, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the polarimetric backscatter by a still or quasi-still wind turbine

Gabella,

Lainer,

Wolfensberger

et al. 2023

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. Wind turbines negatively affect the performance of weather radars, especially when located in the proximity of a radar site. In March 2019, MeteoSwiss performed a measurement campaign by deploying a mobile X-band radar in Schaffhausen. It proved to be useful for mapping and characterizing the maximum power returns by three wind turbines observed using standard scanning strategies. In March 2020, the campaign was repeated using a more sophisticated scan strategy: ∼ 100 min special sessions of fixed pointing an antenna towards the nacelle of the closest wind turbine (WT) located within a range of 7766 m from the radar, interleaved every 2 h by a scanning protocol identical to that of the March 2019 campaign. Polarimetric radar signatures were derived every 64 ms using 128 radar pulses transmitted every 0.5 ms (pulse repetition frequency (PRF) = 2000 Hz). A thorough overview of the polarimetric signatures of the WT in still or quasi-still conditions has been obtained based on 30 000 polarimetric measurables acquired over 32 min on the first day of the campaign (4 March 2020). During the first 2 min with zero rotor speed, the co-polar correlation coefficient between the orthogonal polarization states, ρHV, was persistently equal to 1, similarly to the signature of a bright scatterer observed by a non-rotating antenna. The changes between two consecutive values of the differential reflectivity and radar reflectivity factor were either 0 dBz or ±0.5 dBz. Due to the absence of precipitation, one could assume that the standard deviation of the differential phase shift, which was as small as 3.0∘, can be entirely attributed to the variability of the differential backscattering phase shift. There were two 10 min periods during which the rotor moved less than 1 revolution. It is worth noting that this slow movement could be associated with a change in the blade pitch angle and the nacelle orientation, which caused extreme changes in the radar reflectivity factor. For instance, two pairs of 64 ms consecutive values reached 78.5 dBz, which is the absolute maximum reached in the whole campaign (4–21 March 2020).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the polarimetric backscatter by a still or quasi-still wind turbine

Gabella,

Lainer,

Wolfensberger

et al. 2023

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wind turbines can heavily affect several types of sensitive and relevant radar observations including weather, surveillance, precision approaching and air traffic control radars. Further, the operation of air traffic radio navigation systems like VOR (VHF omnidirectional range) can be disturbed by nearby wind turbines (e.g., Morlaas et al, 2008;Douvenot et al, 2017). In 2021 the European countries invested about €41billion in new wind farms, covering 24.6 GW of new capacity (Brindley, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the peculiar polarimetric signatures backscattered by a still or quasi-still wind turbine acquired by an X-band radar in stare mode at high temporal resolution (64 ms): preliminary investigations

Gabella

Lainer

Wolfensberger

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. A still wind turbine (WT) observed with a fixed pointing radar antenna shows peculiar polarimetric signatures: during two minutes (from 17:08 to 17:10 UTC) of the first day (March 4, 2020) of the WT MeteoSwiss X-band radar campaign in Schaffhausen, the copolar correlation coefficient between the two orthogonal polarization states was persistently equal to 1. The reflectivity at vertical polarization was bounded between 38.5 and 41.5 dBz; however, the changes between two consecutive 64 ms values (retrieved by means of 128 transmitted pulses) were either 0 dBz or ±0.5 dBz. The 2-min median (mean) value was 40.0 (39.9) dBz over the 1875 echoes of this interval. The reflectivity at horizontal polarization was persistently equal to 56.5 dBz, which means no change exceeding ±0.25 dBz. The standard deviation (1874 degrees of freedom) of the differential phase shift, which in the absence of precipitation was, in fact, coincident with the dispersion of the differential backscattering phase shift, was as small as 3.0°. During two 10-min intervals (17:10–17:20 UTC and 17:30–17:40 UTC) the rotor has moved less than 1 revolution; however, this slow movement together with a change in blade angles and nacelle orientation was sufficient to cause large changes and significant variability in the polarimetric signatures, with two pairs of ZH consecutive values reaching the extreme of 78.5 dBz, which is the absolute reflectivity maximum reached in the whole campaign (March 4–21, 2020). Between 17:20 and 17:30 UTC, the rotor has accomplished 22.5 revolutions: the variability becomes smoother and softer in the central part of the interval (probably thanks to uniform rotor speed and “frozen” blade angles and nacelle orientation). It is desirable and recommended to extend this preliminary (32-minute) analysis (based on thirty thousand polarimetric measurables) to several other 10-min intervals with zero rotor speed.

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3D Visualization of Numerically Calculated Bearing Error Texture in Disturbed DVOR Scenarios

Sandmann

Garbe

2019

2019 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE

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Probabilistic VOR error due to several scatterers — Application to wind farms

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

On the polarimetric backscatter by a still or quasi-still wind turbine

On the polarimetric backscatter by a still or quasi-still wind turbine

On the peculiar polarimetric signatures backscattered by a still or quasi-still wind turbine acquired by an X-band radar in stare mode at high temporal resolution (64 ms): preliminary investigations

3D Visualization of Numerically Calculated Bearing Error Texture in Disturbed DVOR Scenarios

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