Probabilistic Worth Assessment of Distributed Static Series Compensators

Abstract

The deployment of flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) devices, despite miscellaneous benefits and applications, has been restricted mainly due to their large investment costs. Accordingly, the notion of distributed FACTS (D-FACTS) was recently proposed. Distributed static series compensators (DSSCs), as a new member of D-FACTS, are directly clamped to conductors of transmission lines. The possibility of controlling the compensation rate of DSSCs from the control center affords the active control of network power flow. This paper presents a comprehensive reliability model for the DSSC. The model is then reduced and a state-space representation is extracted for a transmission line with a number of DSSCs. To illustrate the worth of DSSC utilization, the increment in the expected interruption cost is computed by using a composite reliability assessment. In the contingency analysis procedure, incorporating the active control of power flow provided by DSSCs makes the optimal load curtailment subproblem nonlinear. In order to linearize the subproblem, a novel set of inequalities is extracted. Numerical analysis on the IEEE Reliability Test System (RTS) is conducted to examine the effect of DSSC on composite reliability indices. The results reveal the effectiveness of proposed models and illustrate that DSSCs enhance the system reliability.Index Terms-Distributed static series compensator (DSSC), flexible ac transmission system (FACTS), linear programming, power system reliability.

A Systematic Review of Reliability Studies on Composite Power Systems: A Coherent Taxonomy Motivations, Open Challenges, Recommendations, and New Research Directions

“…Reference [72] investigated the effects of line-switching operations on HL2 reliability. References [73,74] investigated incorporating FACTS devices into HL2 reliability evaluation. The impact of DTR was studied in [20,75].…”

“…FACTS, which is an attractive area of development, was introduced to avoid the installation of new transmission lines [73]. Although this device consists of inexpensive and low-rated power components, it can control the main transmission parameters, such as line impedance, voltage, and power angle [74]. However, the effect of various FACTS devices on composite power system reliability has not been addressed adequately [101].…”

Optimal distributed static series compensator placement for enhancing power system loadability and reliability

“…The production or consumption of reactive power provides the ability of controlling the line active power. Reference [7] has developed a comprehensive reliability model for the DSSC as well as for a transmission line equipped with multiple DSSCs. The DSSC impacts on the power system reliability and the effects of failure of the communication link between DSSCs and control centre were also studied in [7].…”

“…The active power flows on transmission lines considering the injected voltages of DSSCs are calculated by (6). The upper bound on the number of DSSCs associated with each transmission line is given by (7). Since DSSCs are directly installed on the conductors of transmission lines, their weight should be bearable.…”

Coordination Control Method Suitable for Practical Engineering Applications for Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC)

“…Deepak Divan proposes the concept of distributed FACTS (D-FACTS) [12][13][14]. As a member of the DFACTS family, the distributed static series compensator (DSSC) has been studied widely [15][16][17][18][19]. Multiple DSSCs are sparsely hung onto the transmission line through a single-turn transformer (STT).…”