Probability density function approach coupled with detailed chemical kinetics for the prediction of knock in turbocharged direct injection spark ignition engines

Linse, Dirk; Kleemann, Andreas; Hasse, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.10.025

Cited by 57 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Despite the highly stochastic nature of this phenomenon, most CFD studies so far have been URANSbased. [80][81][82][83] These studies can only be qualitative and can only predict trends, although including additional information from a probability density function was shown to improve results with respect to quantification. 80 It is interesting to note that up to 2011, no LES studies on engine knock were published at all, as pointed out by Rutland. 14 Since then, some initial attempts to model engine knock using LES have been reported.…”

Section: Knock and Abnormal Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[80][81][82][83] These studies can only be qualitative and can only predict trends, although including additional information from a probability density function was shown to improve results with respect to quantification. 80 It is interesting to note that up to 2011, no LES studies on engine knock were published at all, as pointed out by Rutland. 14 Since then, some initial attempts to model engine knock using LES have been reported. [84][85][86] Although significant improvements have been achieved in describing the fluid flow, mixture formation and the combustion process leading to end-gas auto-ignition, knock prediction was still only qualitative since auto-ignition is only a necessary but not a sufficient criterion for knock, as pointed out in a series of articles by Bradley et al, 87 Gu et al, 88 Bradley and Kalghatgi 89 and Kalghatgi and Bradley.…”

Section: Knock and Abnormal Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scale-resolving simulations in engine combustion process design based on a systematic approach for model development

Hasse

2015

International Journal of Engine Research

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The increasing availability of high-performance computing resources will allow scale-resolving simulations such as large eddy simulations to be used instead of unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes approaches, not only in academic research but also for engine combustion process development. The scope of this work is to highlight and discuss this transition to scale-resolving simulations and to propose a systematic approach for model development and application. The current and future scope of industrial and academic research is discussed especially with respect to cycle-to-cycle variations, which cannot be identified with unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes models. The individual processes along the cause-and-effect chain leading to cyclic variations of the combustion process are identified, and the current state of scale-resolving simulations and the required models with respect to these processes are discussed.

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Section: Knock and Abnormal Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Knock and Abnormal Combustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale-resolving simulations in engine combustion process design based on a systematic approach for model development

Hasse

2015

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…It was demonstrated that LES model was able to simulate knock in realistic engine, the in-cylinder pressure variability, the knock occurrence timing and frequency could be predicted by LES method. Linse et al [13] model based on probability density function approach and detailed chemical kinetics to predict knock in turbocharged direct injection SI engines. It was found that the mean knock onset could be predicted by the proposed new knock model with reasonable accuracies, and the impacts of spark timing on the knock cycles also could be simulated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of knock during HCCI in a high compression ratio methanol engine based on LES with detailed chemical kinetics

Zhen

Wang

2015

Energy Conversion and Management

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“…Chemical kinetic models aid in the development of engines by predicting important ignition characteristics (such as ignition delay, energy release rate, and chemical species formation). For spark-ignition engines, knock occurrence, which limits the compression ratio and therefore the efficiency at which a spark-ignition can operate, has been investigated with the use of numerical modeling and chemical models [Liang, L., Reitz, R., Iyer, C., and Yi, 2007;Linse, Kleemann, & Hasse, 2014]. The relationship of soot and nitrogen oxide (NOx) formation with various conditions within a diesel engine such as temperature, pressure and flame lift-off length, as well as design parameters such as spray nozzle geometry has also been explored using chemical kinetics [Kong, Sun, & Rietz, 2007;Som, Ramirez, Longman, & Aggarwal, 2011].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a multi-zone model for the prediction of species concentrations in rapid compression machine experiments

Wilson

Allen

2016

Combustion and Flame

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Accurate chemical kinetic models, which predict species evolution and heat release rates in chemically reactive systems, are essential for further advancements in fuel and combustion technology. An experimental facility that is widely used for evaluating the accuracy of kinetic models is a rapid compression machine (RCM), which creates a well-defined reaction environment by compressing a reactive mixture inside a chamber. Generally, RCM experiments are conducted in order to obtain ignition delay data. However, chemical speciation data provides greater insight into reaction pathways, and is therefore a more rigorous benchmark for validating kinetic models.In order for a chemical kinetic model to be evaluated using RCM data, the kinetic model must be coupled with a thermodynamic model that can predict the temporally varying conditions that evolve during an RCM experiment. The most common approach is to utilize a thermally and compositionally homogeneous 0-dimensional reactor model (HRM), which predicts conditions inside the hot core region of the main combustion chamber of an RCM, where a significant portion of the chemical reaction in an RCM takes place. This approach requires an effective volume profile, which is derived from the pressure profile of either a non-reactive experiment with similar transport properties as the condition of interest, or a separate multi-zone model (MZM), via the relationship between pressure and volume for an isentropic process. While HRMs have been shown to yield adequate ignition delay predictions, they cannot be used to predict average speciation data, since the conditions in the core region vary considerably from the average conditions of the total reaction chamber.This work introduces a modified MZM, which simulates chemical reaction throughout the entire temperature-varying main combustion chamber of an RCM, in addition to boundary work, conduction, and crevice flows as the traditional MZM approach. Simulating chemistry in the MZM allows for average speciation predictions, and eliminates the need for an HRM. The new approach is shown to yield similar average speciation data as CFD simulations (within 15% difference) for the combustion of primary reference fuels at various conditions. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Probability density function approach coupled with detailed chemical kinetics for the prediction of knock in turbocharged direct injection spark ignition engines

Cited by 57 publications

References 27 publications

Scale-resolving simulations in engine combustion process design based on a systematic approach for model development

Scale-resolving simulations in engine combustion process design based on a systematic approach for model development

Numerical analysis of knock during HCCI in a high compression ratio methanol engine based on LES with detailed chemical kinetics

Application of a multi-zone model for the prediction of species concentrations in rapid compression machine experiments

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