Crystal structural evolution of europium gallium garnet (Eu3Ga5O12; EGG) has been investigated by a combination of synchrotron x-ray diffraction, Raman scattering, and photoluminescence spectroscopy in a high-pressure diamond anvil cell. The cubic garnet EGG mostly collapses into an amorphous state upon compression to 85 GPa at room temperature. High-pressure Raman and photoluminescence spectra indicate that the amorphization process is related to the interaction and deformation of the tetrahedra GaO4 and octahedra GaO6 under compression, leading to the increase of the asymmetry of the local oxygen environment around the Eu3+ site with increasing pressures. The amorphization of EGG is associated with the overlapping of the tetrahedra and octahedra and the increase of the average coordination numbers of the Ga3+ ions in the amorphous state. X-ray diffraction spectra of EGG taken from a laser-heated diamond anvil cell demonstrate that the pressure-induced garnet-to-amorphous transition could result from the kinetic hindrance of a crystal-to-crystal phase transition at room temperature, rather than the decomposition reported earlier.